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Optimized solar-wind-powered drip irrigation for farming in developing countries.

机译：优化了发展中国家用于农业的太阳能风力滴灌。

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摘要

The two billion people produce 80% of all food consumed in the developing world and 1.3 billion lack access to electricity. Agricultural production will have to increase by about 70% worldwide by 2050 and to achieve this about 50% more primary energy has to be made available by 2035. Energy-smart agri-food systems can improve productivity in the food sector, reduce energy poverty in rural areas and contribute to achieving food security and sustainable development. Agriculture can help reduce poverty for 75% of the world's poor, who live in rural areas and work mainly in farming.;The costs associated with irrigation pumping are directly affected by energy prices and have a strong impact on farmer income. Solar-wind (SW) drip irrigation (DI) is a sustainable method to meet these challenges. This dissertation shows with onsite data the low cost of SW pumping technologies correlating the water consumption (evapotranspiration) and the water production (SW pumping). The author designed, installed, and collected operating data from the six SWDI systems in Peru and in the Tohono O'odham Nation in AZ. The author developed, tested, and a simplified model for solar engineers to size SWDI systems. The author developed a business concept to scale up the SWDI technology.;The outcome was a simplified design approach for a DI system powered by low cost SW pumping systems optimized based on the logged on site data. The optimization showed that the SWDI system is an income generating technology and that by increasing the crop production per unit area, it allowed small farmers to pay for the system. The efficient system resulted in increased yields, sometimes three to four fold. The system is a model for smallholder agriculture in developing countries and can increase nutrition and greater incomes for the world's poor.
机译：20亿人口生产的所有粮食中80％来自发展中国家，而13亿人口则无法获得电力。到2050年，世界范围内的农业生产将必须增长约70％，而要实现这一目标，到2035年，必须增加约50％的一次能源。能源智能型农业食品系统可以提高食品部门的生产率，减少墨西哥的能源贫困。农村地区，有助于实现粮食安全和可持续发展。农业可以帮助世界上75％的贫困人口减少贫困，这些贫困人口生活在农村地区并且主要从事农业工作;与灌溉抽水相关的成本直接受到能源价格的影响，并对农民的收入产生重大影响。太阳风（SW）滴灌（DI）是应对这些挑战的可持续方法。本文通过现场数据显示了将抽水量（蒸散量）和出水量（抽水量）联系起来的抽水技术的低成本。作者从秘鲁的六个SWDI系统以及亚利桑那州的Tohono O'odham国家设计，安装和收集了运行数据。作者为太阳能工程师开发，测试并简化了模型，以调整SWDI系统的尺寸。作者提出了扩大SWDI技术的业务概念。结果是简化了DI系统的设计方法，该系统由基于登录站点数据进行了优化的低成本SW抽水系统提供动力。优化表明，SWDI系统是一种创收技术，通过增加单位面积的作物产量，它使小农户可以为该系统付费。高效的系统提高了产量，有时提高了三到四倍。该系统是发展中国家小农农业的典范，可以为世界穷人增加营养并增加收入。

著录项

  • 作者

    Barreto, Carolina M.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Massachusetts Lowell.;

  • 授予单位 University of Massachusetts Lowell.;
  • 学科 Alternative Energy.;Energy.;Agriculture.
  • 学位 D.Eng.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 381 p.
  • 总页数 381
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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