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首页> 外文学位 >Systematic studies of Elaphoglossum section Polytrichia (Dryopteridaceae).
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Systematic studies of Elaphoglossum section Polytrichia (Dryopteridaceae).

机译：系统化研究了芦荟部分多毛症（Dryopteridaceae）。

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摘要

Elaphoglossum is the largest genus of the largest family of ferns, the Dryopteridaceae. It has over 600 species distributed in the temperate and tropical regions of the world, but it is especially diverse in the Neotropics, where ca. 80% of the species occur. Morphologically, the genus is usually characterized by simple entire leaves, free veins, acrostichoid sori, and phyllopodia. One of the major clades within Elaphoglossum is the "subulate-scaled clade", which includes all species with subulate scales on the leaves. These scales are often patent and enrolled lengthwise, imparting a bristly or shaggy appearance to the plants. Previous studies have suggested that the subulate-scaled clade is composed of two subclades distinguished by the presence versus absence of hydathodes. The non-hydathodous clade corresponds to Elaphoglossum section Polytrichia and is the main focus of this study. The dissertation comprises four chapters that were prepared for publication in different peer-reviewed journals. The first chapter is a molecular phylogeny of the subulate-scaled species of Elaphoglossum based on DNA sequence data from three plastid markers (atpss-rbcL, rps4-trnS, and trnL-trnF). The results of this study provide the bases for the other three chapters, which include a nomenclatural synopsis of E. sect. Polytrichia, a monographic revision of the Apoda clade of E. sect. Polytrichia, and a floristic treatment of the Brazilian species of E. sect. Polytrichia. In Chapter 1, all well-established groups of Elaphoglossum were recovered with high statistical support, including a subulate-scaled clade composed of two (weakly supported) subclades distinguished by the presence vs. absence of hydathodes. Phylogenetic relationships within each of these subclades are discussed and several groups are suggested for future monographic study. In Chapter 2, I present a nomenclator for the 52 species of E. sect. Polytrichia (i.e., the non-hydathodous clade). All taxa are enumerated and accompanied by place and date of publication, information on types, synonymy, distributional notes, and pertinent remarks. A map of geographic distribution for the section is provided for the first time. One new species and several other nomenclatural changes are suggested. In Chapter 3, I provide a monographic treatment for the 13 species of the Apoda Clade of Elaphoglossum. Species of this clade are characterized by the presence of lustrous and brightly colored stem scales, small glandular hairs, and evenly distributed scales on petioles, costae, and laminar surfaces. One new species is suggested. To facilitate the identification of species, I provide illustrations, descriptions, comments, synonymy, distribution maps, and an identification key to all 13 species in this group. Chapter 4 follows the same format of the previous one, but includes only the species of E. sect. Polytrichia that occur in Brazil. Eleven species are recognized in this last chapter, including two newly described ones.
机译：鞘翅目是蕨类科中最大的蕨科家族中最大的属。它在世界的温带和热带地区分布有600多个物种，但在新热带地区尤其如此，那里大约有200种。发生了80％的物种。从形态上讲，该属通常以简单的整片叶子，自由的脉，棘突类植物和叶柄为特征。鞘翅目内的主要进化枝之一是“鳞片状进化枝”，其包括叶片上具有鳞片尺度的所有物种。这些鳞片通常是有专利的，并沿长度方向登记，使植物具有刚毛或蓬松的外观。先前的研究表明，亚标尺规模的进化枝由两个亚进化枝组成，它们以存在和不存在氢化物为特征。非透明的进化枝对应于棘皮部分Polytrichia，是本研究的重点。论文共分四章，准备在不同的同行评审期刊上发表。第一章是基于三个质体标记（atpss-rbcL，rps4-trnS和trnL-trnF）的DNA序列数据，对鳞翅目亚目规模的物种进行了分子系统发育研究。这项研究的结果为其他三章提供了基础，其中包括大肠埃希氏菌的命名法提要。 Polytrichia，E。教派的Apoda进化论专着。 Polytrichia，以及对巴西大肠埃希菌的一种植物学治疗。多毛症。在第1章中，在高统计学支持下回收了所有成熟的鞘翅目群，包括一个由两个（弱支撑）小窝组成的，由鳞片状的进化枝，其特征在于存在和不存在腐殖体。讨论了每个子小节内的亲缘关系，并建议了几类供将来的专题研究。在第二章中，我介绍了52种大肠埃希氏菌的命名法。 Polytrichia（即非双足类）。列举了所有分类单元，并附有公布的日期和地点，类型信息，同义词，发行说明和相关说明。首次提供了该部分的地理分布图。建议一个新物种和其他几个命名上的变化。在第3章中，我对Elaphoglossum的Apoda进化枝的13种物种进行专题处理。该进化枝的种类的特征是有光泽的和鲜艳的茎鳞，小的腺毛以及在叶柄，肋和层状表面上均匀分布的鳞屑。建议一种新物种。为了便于物种识别，我提供了该组中所有13个物种的插图，说明，注释，同义词，分布图和识别键。第4章采用与前一章相同的格式，但仅包括E. sect的种类。在巴西发生的polytrichia。在最后一章中确认了11种，其中包括两种新描述的。

著录项

  • 作者

    de Matos, Fernando Bittencourt.;

  • 作者单位

    City University of New York.;

  • 授予单位 City University of New York.;
  • 学科 Biology.;Systematic biology.;Botany.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 259 p.
  • 总页数 259
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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