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Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Seismic Performance of Reinforced Masonry Structures.

机译：砌体结构抗震性能的实验和数值研究。

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摘要

This study is to acquire a better understanding of the seismic performance of reinforced masonry structures at the system level, and develop reliable computational models that can predict the performance of these structures. To this end, a nonlinear finite element modeling scheme has been developed and a two-story reinforced masonry shear wall structure was tested on a shake-table. This structure had door and window openings and wall components with low aspect ratios. A displacement-based method was used to design the two-story structure taking into account the shear-critical wall components. The structure behaved as expected under the design earthquake, but the drift levels exceeded the design limit considerably for the maximum considered earthquake. The experimental results reveal the significant contribution of the out-of-plane walls to the behavior of the structure and they have been used to validate the computational models developed in the study.;Nonlinear finite element models can be useful tools for assessing the performance of existing reinforced masonry structures, and for conducting parametric studies to evaluate different design methodologies and reinforcing details. A major challenge is to simulate the behavior of a reinforced masonry structural system with wall components that can be dominated by diagonal shear cracks or shear sliding. A general finite element modeling scheme that can predict the aforementioned failure mechanisms has been developed in this research. In this scheme, masonry is modeled with shell elements. A phenomenological law for simulating the dowel action of reinforcing bars has been proposed and implemented in a newly developed interface element that allows different mesh refinements for reinforcing bars and shell elements. An existing cohesive crack line interface model has been extended to account for the three-dimensional kinematic fields compatible with shell elements. The capability of the models to capture the response of the two-story structure has been demonstrated. Results from numerical studies have been used to validate the displacement-based design methodology and to quantify the contribution of the out-of-plane walls to the lateral load resistance of the two-story structure.
机译：这项研究是为了更好地了解系统中钢筋砌体结构的抗震性能，并开发可预测这些结构性能的可靠计算模型。为此，开发了非线性有限元建模方案，并在振动台上测试了两层钢筋砌体剪力墙结构。这种结构具有低纵横比的门窗开口和墙壁组件。考虑到剪力临界墙构件，采用基于位移的方法来设计两层结构。该结构在设计地震下表现出预期的性能，但在考虑的最大地震中，漂移水平大大超过了设计极限。实验结果揭示了平面外墙对结构行为的重要贡献，它们已被用于验证研究中开发的计算模型。非线性有限元模型可以作为评估混凝土性能的有用工具。现有的钢筋砌体结构，以及进行参数研究以评估不同的设计方法和加固细节。一个主要的挑战是如何模拟具有对角剪力裂缝或剪力滑移为主的墙构件的砌体结构体系的行为。在这项研究中已经开发出了可以预测上述失效机理的通用有限元建模方案。在这种方案中，砌筑是用壳单元建模的。已经提出并在新开发的界面元素中实现了用于模拟钢筋的销钉作用的现象学定律，该界面元素允许对钢筋和壳体元素进行不同的网格细化。现有的粘性裂纹线界面模型已得到扩展，以解决与壳单元兼容的三维运动场。已经证明了模型捕获两层结构响应的能力。数值研究的结果已用于验证基于位移的设计方法并量化平面外墙对两层结构的侧向荷载阻力的贡献。

著录项

  • 作者

    Mavros, Marios.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, San Diego.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, San Diego.;
  • 学科 Engineering.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 216 p.
  • 总页数 216
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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