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首页> 外文学位 >Chapter 1. Variation in salamander and aquatic insect communities as it relates to stream condition in natural areas of southeastern Kentucky, and, Chapter 2. Examining the impacts of valley fills in stream ecosystems on amphibian and aquatic insect communities in southeastern Kentucky.
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Chapter 1. Variation in salamander and aquatic insect communities as it relates to stream condition in natural areas of southeastern Kentucky, and, Chapter 2. Examining the impacts of valley fills in stream ecosystems on amphibian and aquatic insect communities in southeastern Kentucky.

机译：第1章。与肯塔基州东南部自然地区的溪流状况有关的sal和水生昆虫群落的变化；第2章，研究溪流生态系统中的山谷填充物对肯塔基州东南部的两栖动物和水生昆虫群落的影响。

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摘要

Chapter 1. Abstract: Biodiversity is not evenly distributed, and understanding factors that determine spatial patterns of species diversity remains a key question in ecology. Because of their relatively high abundance and complex life cycles, stream salamanders and aquatic insects are important trophic links and serve a critical role in transferring energy. Despite this importance little research has examined their community structure simultaneously in aquatic ecosystems. The primary objective of this research was to determine the structure of these communities across natural areas of southeastern Kentucky and understand what factors impact their abundances and distributions. To address this, we sampled eight reference quality streams across the region, March--June 2014. Salamander sampling consisted of three sampling periods on a monthly basis, April--June 2014. Aquatic insect sampling consisted of a single sampling event in March 2014, with water and habitat sampling occurring during each aquatic insect and salamander sampling event. Within each stream, a 100-m reach was sampled for salamanders, aquatic insects, water quality, and habitat measurements. A principle component analysis (PCA) approach was used for factor reduction to create predictive models of environmental variables associated with salamander and aquatic insect abundance and richness. 390 salamanders (155 adult, 235 larvae; 7 species) and 1,163 aquatic insects (8 orders, 33 families) were sampled. Predictive models revealed associations between salamander and aquatic insect abundance and richness, presence and composition of cover objects, and stream pH and conductivity. Understanding patterns of community composition and distribution of aquatic insects and salamanders within reference quality aquatic ecosystems provides important information about ecosystem functioning in undisturbed habitats in this region of high disturbance and anthropogenic land use.;Chapter 2 Abstract: Valley fills due to mountaintop-removal mining bury headwater streams and affect downstream water quality and ecological function. Past studies have focused on generally one taxonomic group or purely habitat and water quality affects. In this study we evaluated stream salamander and aquatic insect communities, metal concentrations in water and tissue, and stream quality and habitat in 10 streams affected by Valley fills (VFS) and 5 reference streams (RS) located in natural areas within 15 km of VFS. Within each stream, a 100-m reach was sampled for the above stated parameters. Salamander sampling consisted of three sampling periods on a monthly basis, April--June 2015. Aquatic insect sampling consisted of a single sampling event in March 2015, with water and habitat sampling occurring during each aquatic insect and salamander sampling event. This study captured 529 individual salamanders of eight species, with captures in RS (n=335) higher than in sampled VFS (n=194). A total of 1,034 aquatic insects representing 8 orders and 37 families were collected, and captures were higher for RS (n=597) than VF (n=447). Abundance, richness, and other community metrics of sampled salamander and aquatic insects were significantly higher in RS than VFS. Several habitat and environmental factors significantly differed between treatments including % silt, conductivity, selenium concentration in water and tissue, and canopy closure likely leading to the reduced communities of salamanders and aquatic insects observed. By approaching the issue of stream health through multiple abiotic factors and taxa, this study provides critical information of the effects of valley fills on stream quality and function.
机译：第一章摘要：生物多样性分布不均，了解决定物种多样性空间格局的因素仍然是生态学中的关键问题。由于sal和水生昆虫相对较高的丰度和复杂的生命周期，它们是重要的营养纽带，并在传递能量方面起着至关重要的作用。尽管有这种重要性，但很少有研究同时审查它们在水生生态系统中的群落结构。这项研究的主要目的是确定肯塔基州东南部自然地区这些社区的结构，并了解哪些因素会影响其数量和分布。为了解决这个问题，我们在2014年3月至6月对该地区的八个参考质量流进行了采样。Sal的采样由2014年4月至6月的每月三个采样周期组成。水生昆虫采样由2014年3月的一个采样事件组成，在每次水生昆虫和sal采样过程中都会进行水和栖息地采样。在每条溪流中，采样了100米的范围，用于sal，水生昆虫，水质和栖息地的测量。使用主成分分析（PCA）方法来减少因子，以创建与sal和水生昆虫的丰度和丰富度相关的环境变量的预测模型。采样了390只sal（成年155只，幼虫235只； 7种）和1,163只水生昆虫（8目，33科）。预测模型揭示了sal和水生昆虫的丰度与丰富度，被覆物体的存在和组成以及溪流的pH和电导率之间的关联。了解参考质量水生生态系统内水生昆虫和sal的群落组成和分布模式，可提供有关该高干扰和人为土地使用地区未受干扰的生境中生态系统功能的重要信息。；第二章摘要：由于山顶去除采矿而造成的山谷填埋掩埋上游水流，影响下游水质和生态功能。过去的研究通常集中在一个生物分类群或纯粹的栖息地和水质影响上。在这项研究中，我们评估了sal和水生昆虫群落，水中金属和组织中的金属浓度以及受谷河灌水（VFS）影响的10条溪流和位于VFS 15公里以内自然区域的5条参考溪流（RS）的溪流质量和栖息地。 。在每个流中，针对上述参数采样了100米的距离。采样包括每月三个采样期，即2015年4月至6月。水生昆虫采样包括2015年3月的单个采样事件，每个水生昆虫和sal采样事件都进行水和栖息地采样。这项研究捕获了529种8种individual，其中RS（n = 335）的捕获量高于采样VFS（n = 194）的捕获量。总共收集到了代表8个科和37个科的1,034只水生昆虫，RS（n = 597）的捕获量高于VF（n = 447）。 RS中的sal和水生昆虫的丰度，丰富度和其他群落指标显着高于VFS。处理之间的几个栖息地和环境因素存在显着差异，包括淤泥百分比，电导率，水和组织中硒的浓度以及冠层封闭可能导致sal和水生昆虫群落减少。通过研究多种非生物因素和生物分类对河流健康的影响，这项研究提供了关于河谷填充物对河流质量和功能影响的重要信息。

著录项

  • 作者

    Bourne, John Clayton.;

  • 作者单位

    Eastern Kentucky University.;

  • 授予单位 Eastern Kentucky University.;
  • 学科 Ecology.;Wildlife management.;Environmental management.;Zoology.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 79 p.
  • 总页数 79
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:52:25

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