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Aquatic resources used by the Gulf Coast Olmec: Carrying capacity analysis based on commercial fishing catch data.

机译：墨西哥湾沿岸奥尔梅克使用的水生资源：基于商业捕鱼量的承载能力分析。

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摘要

The Olmec have long been considered one of the first complex societies to develop in Mesoamerica. Scholars have traditionally believed that the Olmec relied on maize agriculture since their initial development during the Early Formative period. New research however, is providing information that is pointing to a subsistence strategy that was not dominated by maize agriculture but rather a mixed subsistence based mostly on aquatic resources. These emergent models for Early Formative Olmec subsistence have been developed primarily from the recovery of faunal remains, archaeobotanical analysis, settlement patterns, and the study of artifacts and tools. There is a need for a study to measure the availability of the local aquatic resources and the population they can support. This thesis presents a carrying capacity analysis of the fish and other aquatic resources present in the Olmec Heartland region, based on commercial fishing catch data. The end result of this study is an estimate of the population that can be supported with these resources, and a comparison of this number with population estimates for the Olmec during the Early Formative period. The result shows that aquatic resources in the region could have provided all or most of the caloric requirements of the Olmec population during their emergence in the Early Formative, and thus showing that maize agriculture does not necessarily have to be a prerequisite for complexity.
机译：长期以来，奥尔梅克人一直被认为是中美洲发展起来的第一个复杂社会之一。传统上，学者们认为，奥尔梅克自形成初期开始发展以来就一直依靠玉米农业。但是，新的研究提供的信息表明，生存战略并非以玉米农业为主导，而是主要基于水生资源的混合生存。这些针对早期形成性奥尔梅克生存的新兴模型主要是通过动物遗体的恢复，古植物学分析，沉降模式以及对人工制品和工具的研究而开发的。需要进行一项研究，以衡量当地水生资源的可利用性及其可支持的人口。本文基于商业捕鱼量数据，对奥尔梅克中心地区的鱼类和其他水生资源进行了承载能力分析。这项研究的最终结果是估计可以得到这些资源支持的人口，并将该数字与奥尔梅克早期形成时期的人口估计进行比较。结果表明，该地区的水生资源在早期形成时期可能已经满足了奥尔梅克种群的全部或大部分热量需求，因此表明玉米农业不一定是复杂性的先决条件。

著录项

  • 作者

    Maycotte, Ernesto.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Houston.;

  • 授予单位 University of Houston.;
  • 学科 Archaeology.;Native American studies.;Ecology.;Aquatic sciences.
  • 学位 M.A.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 71 p.
  • 总页数 71
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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