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Experimental study of quaternary nitrate/nitrite molten salt as advanced heat transfer fluid and energy storage material in concentrated solar power plant.

机译：集中式太阳能发电厂中季铵盐/亚硝酸盐熔融盐作为高级传热流体和储能材料的实验研究。

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摘要

Solar energy is used to produce electricity by two methods namely photovoltaic and concentrated solar power plant systems. Concentrated Solar power plants hold a distinct advantage over photovoltaic, which is that of energy storage. Energy can be stored in thermal energy storage system during day time and can be used to dispatch energy during peak demand and during raining or cloudy days to produce electricity. All concentrated solar power plants in operation use sensible heat storage method to store energy. Sensible heat storage system have been used in industry owing to ease of dispatch ability. Currently a binary mixture of NaNO3 and KNO3 (Solar Salt) is being used in industry owing to advantages such as, environmentally safe, low vapor pressure, relatively low cost and easy availability, low viscosity and compatibility with plant piping system. Heat is transferred to energy storage material through heat exchanger by high temperature fluid using forced convection. One of the disadvantages of this salt is low energy storage density, which in turn requires large storage tanks to store the material adding to the cost of the plant. Another drawback of using this mixture is its freezing point being too high. Temperature tends to drop at night and as a result salts tend to freeze. Along with freezing of the salt being an issue, other issue is the salt tends to expand on being heated to reuse again, which may lead to significant damage to Heat transfer fluid pipe system. Auxiliary equipment are required to keep the salt from freezing which increases the cost of the plant. To mitigate the thermodynamic losses because of the presence of the heat exchanger, it has been suggested to use HTF and TES as same substance, which would result in elimination of heat exchanger and reduce thermodynamic losses. From energy point of view, the efficiency of TES is considered high.;A new Quaternary nitrate/nitrite mixture has been developed whose melting is 100oC. However, the major drawback of the salt to be used as TES/HTF is its poor thermos-physical properties such as lower specific heat capacity. Earlier there have been reports of substantial improvement in thermal properties of organic/inorganic salts on being doped with nanoparticles in minute concentration. Nanoparticle, on being doped in base salt tend to induce nanostructure, which due to its high surface area and high surface energy increase the heat transfer property. In this work, silica nanoparticle of various sizes are doped in the base eutectic salt to increase its specific heat capacity. After doping the base salt with silica nanoparticle it was observed, that there is anomalous enhancement in the specific heat capacity of the eutectic mixture.
机译：太阳能可通过两种方法来发电，即光伏系统和集中式太阳能发电厂系统。集中式太阳能发电厂比光伏发电具有明显的优势，那就是储能。能量可以在白天存储在热能存储系统中，并且可以在高峰需求期间以及在雨天或阴天期间用来分配能量来发电。运行中的所有集中式太阳能发电厂都使用显热存储方法来存储能量。由于易于调度，显热存储系统已在工业中使用。目前，NaNO3和KNO3（太阳能盐）的二元混合物因其具有以下优点而在工业上使用：环境安全，蒸气压低，成本相对较低且易于获得，粘度低以及与工厂管道系统兼容。使用强制对流，高温流体通过热交换器将热量传递到储能材料。这种盐的缺点之一是储能密度低，这又需要大的储罐来存储物料，这增加了工厂的成本。使用这种混合物的另一个缺点是其凝固点太高。温度在晚上趋于下降，因此盐趋于冻结。随着盐的冻结成为一个问题，另一个问题是盐在加热时趋于膨胀并再次使用，这可能会严重损害传热流体管道系统。需要辅助设备来防止盐冻结，这会增加工厂的成本。为了减轻由于热交换器的存在而引起的热力学损失，已经建议使用HTF和TES作为相同物质，这将导致消除热交换器并减少热力学损失。从能量的角度来看，TES的效率很高。已开发出一种新的硝酸季铵盐/亚硝酸盐混合物，其熔点为100oC。然而，用作TES / HTF的盐的主要缺点是其差的热物理性质，例如较低的比热容。早先有报道称，以微小浓度掺杂纳米颗粒后，有机/无机盐的热性能有了实质性的改善。掺杂有碱盐的纳米颗粒倾向于诱导纳米结构，这归因于其高表面积和高表面能提高了热传递性能。在这项工作中，将各种尺寸的二氧化硅纳米颗粒掺入基础共晶盐中，以提高其比热容。观察到在将碱盐掺入二氧化硅纳米颗粒后，共晶混合物的比热容反常增加。

著录项

  • 作者

    Changla, Sumeet.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Texas at Arlington.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Texas at Arlington.;
  • 学科 Mechanical engineering.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 44 p.
  • 总页数 44
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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