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首页> 外文学位 >La gestion dynamique des dechets (GDD): Elaboration d'une approache integree d'aide a la decision visant a soutenir une gestion systemique et evolutive des dechets.
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La gestion dynamique des dechets (GDD): Elaboration d'une approache integree d'aide a la decision visant a soutenir une gestion systemique et evolutive des dechets.

机译：动态废物管理（GDD）：开发一种综合决策支持方法，旨在支持系统和渐进式废物管理。

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摘要

Nowadays, the exploitation rate of natural resources exceeds the regeneration capacity of the planet. Therefore, for the first time in their history, human beings are forced to revise their consumption habits, or the available resources might no longer be able to meet the needs of future generations. In response, several signs indicate that waste management is an important part of the solution. By following a scheme of reducing, re-using, recycling and energy recovering, the result is a longer life span of the materials in the systems, thus a reduction of the demand for natural resources. However, due to the additional impacts attributed to management activities (transport, processing, etc.), the proposed hierarchy may not always be the best option in terms of social acceptability, economic performance or environmental compatibility.;The results demonstrate that management based on the principles of energy conservation is appropriate to study waste management systems in an optic of decision support. Besides supporting territorial management, the DWM allows a better understanding of systems dynamics and of sensitive variables. Although the approach respects the principles of sustainable socio-economic development, the achievement of environmental objectives rests primarily on the collective will to adopt behaviour in this direction and on a supported leadership from the decision-makers.;Keywords: Waste management, decision support tool, network approach, simulation model, systemic approach, integrated management.;Although several tools are available to support decision making in waste management, users denounce their lack of flexibility, their limited scope, their inability to solve complex problems and their difficulty of use. In order to correct these deficiencies, the research project focuses on developing a new integrated approach for decision support (the Dynamic Waste Management, DWM) in order to support a systemic and evolutionary waste management. Inspired by the law of conservation of energy, and more particularly by Bernoulli's theorem, the DWM allows ensuring a constant supply of the favourable options (with low impacts) in a system, while minimizing the global impacts. To compare the different options in a system, the thesis also presents a methodology to bring a set of criteria under a common base. The values obtained, the Global Allocation Indexes (GIA) are calculated using analysis tools and are recognized as "loads" in the network approach developed.
机译：如今，自然资源的开发速度已超过地球的再生能力。因此，人类有史以来第一次被迫改变其消费习惯，否则可用的资源可能不再能够满足子孙后代的需求。作为回应，一些迹象表明废物管理是解决方案的重要组成部分。通过遵循减少，再利用，再循环和能量回收的方案，结果是系统中材料的使用寿命更长，从而减少了对自然资源的需求。但是，由于归因于管理活动（运输，加工等）​​的其他影响，从社会可接受性，经济绩效或环境相容性方面考虑，提议的层次结构可能并不总是最佳选择。节能原则适合以决策支持的方式研究废物管理系统。除了支持地域管理外，DWM还可以更好地了解系统动态和敏感变量。尽管该方法尊重可持续的社会经济发展原则，但实现环境目标主要取决于采取这一方向的集体意愿以及决策者的支持领导;关键词：废物管理，决策支持工具，网络方法，仿真模型，系统方法，集成管理。尽管有几种工具可支持废物管理中的决策，但用户谴责它们缺乏灵活性，范围有限，无法解决复杂问题以及使用困难。为了纠正这些缺陷，该研究项目着重于开发一种新的综合决策支持方法（动态废物管理，DWM），以支持系统性和进化性废物管理。受到能量守恒定律，尤其是伯努利定理的启发，DWM可以确保在系统中持续提供有利选项（影响较小），同时将全球影响最小化。为了比较系统中的不同选项，本文还提出了一种将一组标准置于共同基础下的方法。使用分析工具计算获得的值，全球分配指数（GIA），并在开发的网络方法中将其识别为“负载”。

著录项

  • 作者

    Rojo, Gabriel.;

  • 作者单位

    Ecole de Technologie Superieure (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 Ecole de Technologie Superieure (Canada).;
  • 学科 Engineering Sanitary and Municipal.;Engineering System Science.;Engineering Environmental.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 203 p.
  • 总页数 203
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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