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Acute febrile respiratory illness aboard ships in the US Navy.

机译：美国海军舰船上的急性发热性呼吸道疾病。

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摘要

Acute Febrile Respiratory Illness (A/FRI) is a common but significant category of illness with world wide effect and impact on morbidity and mortality. In the shipboard environment the environmental, susceptibility and exposure factors that favor the spread of A/FRI are augmented. This paper assesses the risk of A/FRI aboard US Navy ships and compares that risk to preparations and policy already in place to reduce the risk of epidemics aboard ships. For ships to have the best chance at avoiding disabling epidemics, improvements are needed in the following five areas: (1) accurate and timely medical intelligence about A/FRI outbreaks worldwide, disseminated to all ships medical departments, as well as aggressive ship board surveillance programs with rapid testing Influenza kits and real time submission up the chain of command, (2) mandated education for all shipboard personnel about proper hygiene, the avoidance of disease, and self reporting of symptoms to facilitate early diagnosis and intervention if needed, (3) facilitation of early detection of outbreaks through the widespread availability and use of point of care rapid testing for influenza A & B with reflex testing to identify Avian Flu or novel strains, (4) early treatment with antiviral medications including keeping supplies aboard for ready use to avoid time delay in procurement, and (5) development of effective respiratory isolation methods and procedures standardized by ship class, established, in place and ready for immediate use. Improvements in these five critical areas are necessary to avoid the potential of an A/FRI epidemic aboard ship and its resultant impact on morbidity, mortality and operational readiness.
机译：急性发热性呼吸道疾病（A / FRI）是一种常见但重要的疾病，对世界范围的发病率和死亡率均具有广泛的影响和影响。在船上环境中，有利于A / FRI扩散的环境，敏感性和暴露因素增加了。本文评估了美国海军舰船上A / FRI的风险，并将其与已经采取的降低舰船上流行病风险的准备工作和政策进行了比较。为了使船舶有最大的机会避免致残性流行病，需要在以下五个方面进行改进：（1）关于全球A / FRI暴发的准确，及时的医学情报，已分发给所有船舶医疗部门，并进行了积极的船上监督带有快速测试流感药盒并实时提交命令链的程序;（2）要求所有船员进行有关适当卫生，避免疾病和自我报告症状的教育，以便在需要时进行早期诊断和干预，（3 ）通过广泛的可用性和使用甲型和乙型流感的护理点快速检测与反射检测来识别禽流感或新毒株的方法，有助于及早发现疾病爆发；（4）早期使用抗病毒药物进行治疗，包括将耗材保存在随时可用的状态为避免采购过程中的时间延迟，以及（5）制定有效的呼吸隔离方法和程序，使之标准化已建立，已就位并准备立即使用的船级。有必要对这五个关键领域进行改进，以避免船上发生A / FRI流行的可能性及其对发病率，死亡率和战备状态的影响。

著录项

  • 作者

    Stinson, Jonathan F.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Texas Medical Branch Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Texas Medical Branch Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences.;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Occupational Health and Safety.;Health Sciences Epidemiology.;Military Studies.;Health Sciences Public Health.
  • 学位 M.P.H.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 73 p.
  • 总页数 73
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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