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首页> 外文学位 >MicroRNAs are absorbed in biologically meaningful amounts from nutritionally relevant doses of cow's milk and chicken eggs and affect gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, cell cultures, and mouse livers.
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MicroRNAs are absorbed in biologically meaningful amounts from nutritionally relevant doses of cow's milk and chicken eggs and affect gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, cell cultures, and mouse livers.

机译：MicroRNA从营养相关剂量的牛奶和鸡鸡蛋中吸收具有生物学意义的量，并影响外周血单核细胞，细胞培养物和小鼠肝脏中的基因表达。

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摘要

Throughout the twenty-first century, evidence has been continually increasing to show the importance of epigenetic regulation in health. While the term "epigenetics" can be applied to many different processes, the focus of this dissertation will be on microRNAs and chromatin structure. Ultimately, both of these forms of epigenetic regulation can be used to fine tune gene expression based on environmental cues. The first three chapters of the dissertation focus on microRNA bioavailability, stability, and function from two commonly consumed food products: cow's milk and chicken eggs. This important work has been the first of its kind to demonstrate the bioavailability and function of dietary, animal-based microRNAs. In order to test our hypothesis that dietary microRNA are indeed bioavailable, many experimental protocols have been used. Human feeding studies are the prominent tool used, but important discoveries have been made in cell culture and in a mouse feeding study that add to the significance of this work. The final chapter will focus on a well-known histone modifier: sulforaphane. There have been many positive roles attributed to this compound, but the work presented here describes some potentially negative consequences of high sulforaphane intake. Overall, the conclusion of this work is dietary microRNA are bioavailable and can regulate endogenous gene expression. For the scientific field to determine the contribution of dietary microRNAs to overall health, much more work will need to be performed but the evidence provided in this dissertation indicates it is likely dietary microRNAs play a key role in overall epigenetic regulation. Ongoing studies in our laboratory to further this work and answer some of the current questions are also briefly described.
机译：在整个二十一世纪，证据不断增加，以表明表观遗传调控在健康中的重要性。尽管“表观遗传学”一词可以应用于许多不同的过程，但本文的重点将放在microRNA和染色质结构上。最终，这两种形式的表观遗传调控都可用于根据环境提示微调基因表达。论文的前三章着眼于两种常见食用食品：牛乳和鸡蛋中的microRNA生物利用度，稳定性和功能。这项重要的工作是同类研究中的第一项，以证明饮食中基于动物的microRNA的生物利用度和功能。为了检验我们的假设，即饮食中的microRNA确实具有生物利用性，已使用了许多实验方案。人体喂养研究是使用的主要工具，但在细胞培养和小鼠喂养研究中已取得重要发现，这增加了这项工作的重要性。最后一章将重点介绍著名的组蛋白修饰剂：萝卜硫素。该化合物具有许多积极作用，但此处介绍的工作描述了高萝卜硫烷摄入量可能带来的一些负面影响。总体而言，这项工作的结论是饮食中的microRNA具有生物利用性，并且可以调节内源基因的表达。为了确定饮食中微小RNA对整体健康的贡献，科学领域需要做更多的工作，但是本文提供的证据表明，饮食微小RNA可能在整体表观遗传调控中起关键作用。还简要介绍了我们实验室正在进行的研究，以进一步开展这项工作并回答当前的一些问题。

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  • 作者

    Baier, Scott.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Nebraska - Lincoln.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Nebraska - Lincoln.;
  • 学科 Nutrition.;Genetics.;Molecular biology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 119 p.
  • 总页数 119
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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