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Molecular and genetic characterization of Fusarium head blight resistance in durum wheat.

机译：硬粒小麦小麦枯萎病抗性的分子和遗传特征。

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摘要

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating fungal disease of both durum and common wheat. Multiple sources of FHB resistance have been found in common wheat, but not in durum wheat. Lack of effective FHB resistance sources and complex inheritance of FHB resistance genes in durum limit the development of FHB-resistant durum varieties. This research aimed to map FHB resistance genes and to understand the inheritance of the hexaploid wheat-derived FHB resistance genes in durum. Molecular mapping positioned the wild emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccoides)-derived FHB resistance QTL Qfhs.ndsu-3AS to a chromosomal interval of 5.2 cM flanked by the molecular marker Xwgc501 and Xwgc510 on the short arm of chromosome 3A (3AS). This study reduced the linkage drag associated with Qfhs.ndsu-3AS and developed new molecular markers to assist its selection breeding. The FHB resistance genes in common wheat `Sumai 3' were normally expressed in the F1 with hexaploids, but not in the F1 with durum. The common wheat PI 277012-derived FHB resistance gene(s) exhibited complete dominance in the F1 with durum. In addition, `Langdon' (LDN) chromosomes 2B, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, 5B, 6A, 6B, and 7A were found to contain genes that suppress expression of the Sumai 3-derived FHB resistance genes in the F1, and 4A, 6A, and 6B contain genes required for expression of the PI 277012-derived FHB resistance genes in the F1. Apparently, Sumai 3-derived FHB resistance genes exhibited a more complex inheritance pattern than PI 277012 in durum. Evaluation of LDN-'Chinese Spring' (CS) D-genome disomic substitution lines and LDN-Aegilops tauschii D-genome addition lines for FHB resistance indicated that LDN chromosome 5A and CS chromosome 6D may contain genes for FHB susceptibility and/or suppression of FHB resistance. LDN chromosome 2B and Ae. tauschii 5D may carry genes for FHB resistance. Addition of the entire D genome to LDN increased susceptibility to FHB. Multiple LDN durum and D-genome chromosomes were identified to have either negative/suppression or positive/enhancement effects on FHB resistance. Thus, special genetic manipulation is needed to eliminate the genes with negative/suppression effects and to ensure normal expression of FHB resistance genes in durum.
机译：镰刀菌枯萎病是硬质小麦和普通小麦的毁灭性真菌病。在普通小麦中发现了多种FHB抗药性来源，但在硬粒小麦中却没有。硬粒小麦中缺乏有效的FHB抗性来源和FHB抗性基因的复杂遗传限制了FHB抗性硬粒小麦品种的发展。这项研究旨在绘制FHB抗性基因并了解硬粒小麦中六倍体小麦FHB抗性基因的遗传。分子作图法定位了源自野生Emmer小麦（Triticum dicoccoides）的FHB抗性QTL Qfhs.ndsu-3AS的染色体区间为5.2 cM，两侧是分子标记Xwgc501和Xwgc510，位于染色体3A（3AS）的短臂上。这项研究减少了与Qfhs.ndsu-3AS相关的连锁阻力，并开发了新的分子标记来辅助其选择育种。普通小麦'Sumai 3'中的FHB抗性基因通常在六倍体的F1中表达，而在硬粒小麦的F1中不表达。普通小麦PI 277012衍生的FHB抗性基因在硬粒小麦F1中显示出完全优势。此外，发现“ Langdon”（LDN）染色体2B，3A，3B，4A，4B，5B，6A，6B和7A含有抑制Sumai 3衍生的FHB抗性基因在F1中表达的基因，并且图4A，6A和6B包含在F1中表达PI 277012衍生的FHB抗性基因所需的基因。显然，Sumai 3衍生的FHB抗性基因在硬粒小麦中表现出比PI 277012更复杂的遗传模式。对LDN-'中国春'（CS）D基因组二体组替代系和LDN-Aegilops tauschii D基因组附加系对FHB抗性的评估表明，LDN染色体5A和CS染色体6D可能含有FHB易感性和/或抑制FHB的基因。 FHB抗性。 LDN 2B染色体和Ae。 tauschii 5D可能带有FHB抗性基因。将整个D基因组添加到LDN中会增加对FHB的敏感性。鉴定出多个LDN硬质和D基因组染色体对FHB耐药性具有负/抑制或正/增强作用。因此，需要特殊的遗传操作来消除具有负/抑制作用的基因，并确保FHB抗性基因在硬粒小麦中正常表达。

著录项

  • 作者

    Zhu, Xianwen.;

  • 作者单位

    North Dakota State University.;

  • 授予单位 North Dakota State University.;
  • 学科 Plant sciences.;Plant pathology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 113 p.
  • 总页数 113
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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