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首页> 外文学位 >Growth, fecundity, and diet of Oriental weatherloach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus in the Chicago Area Waterways.
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Growth, fecundity, and diet of Oriental weatherloach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus in the Chicago Area Waterways.

机译：芝加哥地区水道中东方型泥ach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus的生长，繁殖力和饮食。

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摘要

The Oriental Weatherloach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is an East Asian benthic freshwater fish species that has been introduced into many freshwater systems outside its native range of Russia, Korea, China, Japan, Vietnam, and Burma (Keller and Lake 2007). Introductions were primarily associated with the pet trade, although other purposes were also important, such as human consumption and live bait (Keller 2000). Oriental Weatherloach were first recorded in the Chicago Area Waterway Systems (CAWS), Illinois in 1987; their most likely source of introduction was via the pet trade (Page and Laird 1993, Burr et al. 1996, Laird and Page 1996). Although populations have become established worldwide, little is known about the potential impacts of Oriental Weatherloach on native flora and fauna. This study was designed to examine the basic population demographics and feeding ecology of Oriental Weatherloach in northeastern Illinois and northwestern Indiana. Specifically, the project aimed to examine the reproductive development, age and growth relationships, and feeding habits of Oriental Weatherloach in the CAWS.;A variety of methods were used to collect 133 Oriental Weatherloach from the 2010, 2011, 2013, and 2014 field seasons; these methods included backpack and boat electroshocking, baited minnow traps, mini fyke nets, and impingement nets. The largest concentrations of fish were found in Cook and Will County, IL, specifically within the Des Plaines River, the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal (CSSC), and the Illinois and Michigan Canal (I & M Canal or IMC). Sampled fish were weighed and measured for total length and then dissected to examine the gonadal weight for reproductive stage, otoliths for aging, and gut contents for diet of each fish.;The mean length of Oriental Weatherloach was 125 mm for males and 150 mm for females. The gonadal somatic index (GSI) indicated an early spring spawning season, with a peak in gonadal weight for both sexes in April which drastically declined in May. Observation of the otoliths suggested that fish ranged in age from 0-3 years. Catch curves analysis (estimated mortality rate of the number of fish caught per age class) indicated that fish did not fully recruit to gear (were not large enough to be vulnerable to gear) until 2 years of age, and suggested that Oriental Weatherloach had an annual mortality rate of 88.5% and an annual survival rate of 11.5%; however, final conclusions on mortality/survivals rates cannot be determined at this time because only 2 age-classes were compared.;Of the stomach samples examined, 19% were empty and 81% contained particles (34% plant/sediment material and 66% actual prey items). Oriental Weatherloach fed mostly on benthic invertebrates, although tadpoles and fish eggs were also ingested. The Index of Relative Importance (IRI) analysis indicated a noticeable difference in the consumption of prey items during the months of May (Dragonfly Larva, Odonata), July (Nonbiting Midges, Chironomidae), and August (Fingernail Clams, Sphaeriidae). Diet breadth analysis also fluctuated throughout the field season, which suggests that Oriental Weatherloach were more of an opportunistic feeder with a fairly diverse diet.;Oriental Weatherloach are now a part of the fauna in the CAWS; populations are well-established and expected to expand. At some level, these fish are likely competing with native species for food and habitat resources. However, direct ecological impacts are still not known. This study stresses the need for further research to assess the possible ecological impacts caused by this invasive species.
机译：东方风lo Misgurnus anguillicaudatus是一种东亚底栖淡水鱼种，已被引入俄罗斯，韩国，中国，日本，越南和缅甸等本土以外的许多淡水系统中（Keller和Lake 2007）。引进主要与宠物贸易有关，尽管其他目的也很重要，例如人类消费和活饵（Keller 2000）。东方风first最早于1987年在伊利诺伊州的芝加哥水域航道系统（CAWS）中记录。它们最有可能的引进来源是通过宠物贸易（Page and Laird 1993，Burr et al。1996，Laird and Page 1996）。尽管在世界范围内已经建立了种群，但对于东方风Weather对本地动植物的潜在影响知之甚少。这项研究旨在检查伊利诺斯州东北部和印第安纳州西北部的东方Weatherloach的基本人口统计学和喂养生态。具体而言，该项目旨在检查CAWS中东方型泥ach的生殖发育，年龄和生长关系以及摄食习惯。;采用多种方法收集了2010、2011、2013和2014年野外季节的133个东方型泥Oriental。 ;这些方法包括背包电击和小船电击，诱饵的小鱼陷阱，小型鱼钩网和冲击网。在伊利诺伊州的库克和威尔县，特别是在德斯普兰斯河，芝加哥卫生和船舶运河（CSSC）以及伊利诺伊州和密歇根州的运河（I＆M运河或IMC）中发现了鱼类中浓度最高的鱼类。称取鱼的重量并测量其总长度，然后进行解剖，以检查每只鱼的生殖阶段的性腺重量，衰老的耳石和饮食中的肠含量。雄性东方Weather的平均长度为125毫米，雌性为150毫米。女性。性腺体细胞指数（GSI）表示早春产卵季节，4月男女双方的性腺体重均达到峰值，5月急剧下降。对耳石的观察表明，鱼的年龄介于0至3岁之间。渔获量曲线分析（估计的每个年龄段捕获的鱼的死亡率）表明，直到2岁时才完全招募渔具（渔具的大小不足以适应渔具的脆弱性），并建议东方风信子具有年死亡率为88.5％，年生存率为11.5％；但是，由于仅比较了两个年龄段，因此目前无法确定死亡率/存活率的最终结论。；在所检查的胃样本中，有19％是空的，有81％的是颗粒（34％的植物/沉积物和66％实际的猎物）。东方风lo主要以底栖无脊椎动物为食，尽管也摄入了and和鱼卵。相对重要性指数（IRI）分析表明，五月份（蜻蜓幼虫，蜻蜓目），七月（无Mid虫，猫科）和八月（手指甲蛤，S科）的猎物消费量存在显着差异。整个饮食季节的饮食广度分析也有所波动，这表明东方风Weather更像是一种机会主义的饲养者，其饮食结构相当多样化。人口已经建立并且有望扩大。在某种程度上，这些鱼类可能与本地物种争夺食物和栖息地资源。但是，直接的生态影响仍然未知。这项研究强调需要进一步研究，以评估这种入侵物种可能造成的生态影响。

著录项

  • 作者

    Norris, Kristin E.;

  • 作者单位

    Western Illinois University.;

  • 授予单位 Western Illinois University.;
  • 学科 Biology Ecology.;Biology Conservation.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 60 p.
  • 总页数 60
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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