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Investigating the performance of US manufacturing and service operations: Essays on the relationships of information technology with inventory turnover, firm characteristics, and industry characteristics.

机译：调查美国制造业和服务业的表现：关于信息技术与库存周转率，公司特征和行业特征之间关系的论文。

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摘要

Research in operations management focuses on explaining differences in operating performance across organizations (Gino and Pisano 2008). In the same manner, this dissertation is motivated by the need to investigate the firm's performance as measured by technical (productive) efficiency and inventory productivity. The dissertation consists of three essays, addressing: (i) the performance of U.S. manufacturing and service operations in the presence of information technology (IT); (ii) the impacts of firm and industry characteristics upon the business value of IT as measured by technical efficiency; and (iii) the relationships among inventory turnover performance, IT, and firm and industry characteristics.;In the first essay, based on the Bayesian stochastic production frontier approach, we evaluate and compare the performance of U.S. manufacturing and service operations in the presence of IT at the firm, industry, and sector levels, using a set of firm level data from 133 firms from 1999 to 2009. We also examine whether or not the "IT productivity paradox" exists in terms of technical efficiency, categorizing the whole sample into three subgroups according to the relative size of IT investment (high IT, medium IT, and low IT investment firms). Moreover, by suggesting a sensitivity analysis, we observe the variation of technical efficiency responding to the variation in the quality of IT capital. The main findings include the following: (i) a fair number of firms considered in this research benefit from adopting IT capital as one of their production factors. (ii) a lot of IT investments do not necessarily improve technical efficiency. (iii) wholesale industry performs best in terms of technical efficiency irrespective of the introduction of IT. (iv) the IT productivity paradox is observed in eight industries (five manufacturing and three service industries). (v) low IT investment firms, wholesale industry, and service sector turn out to be less sensitive to the variation in the quality of IT capital. In addition, this essay reviews in detail the useful estimation method called Gibbs sampling, considered one of the novel ways to analyze managerial problems.;In the second essay, we investigate the roles of firm and industry characteristics in conjunction with IT in terms of technical efficiency. Specifically, employing growth options and vertical integration to reflect firm characteristics, and adopting industry dynamism and concentration to reflect industry characteristics, we analyze the impacts of these variables upon the business value of IT as measured by technical efficiency. For analysis, this essay relies on the generalized two-equation model equipped with the Bayesian stochastic production frontier, using a set of firm level IT data from 131 firms from 1999 to 2009. Importantly, the IT productivity paradox is reexamined on the consideration of the selected characteristics. The principal findings include: (i) IT has the positive impact on output and technical efficiency at the collective level, regardless of the introduction of firm and industry characteristics. (ii) vertical integration has a negative impact on output and technical efficiency, and the relationship between IT and vertical integration is substitutable. (iii) high IT investment firms do not benefit from IT in the absence and presence of firm and industry characteristics. (iv) the IT productivity paradox is observed in most industries with higher IT investment. (v) substitutability phenomena created by IT and firm and industry characteristics appear in six industries (three manufacturing industries and three service industries), no matter which characteristics are considered.;In the third essay, we examine the relationship between IT investment and inventory turnover performance, using 98 firms spanning 11 years (from 1999 to 2009). In addition, we analyze the correlation of inventory turnover performance with firm and industry characteristics. Specifically, as in the second essay, vertical integration and growth options are chosen to reflect the important features of the firm's internal characteristics, and industry dynamism and concentration are chosen to represent the industry's competitive environment. The major findings include the following: (i) inventory turnover ratio is positively correlated with IT investment and growth options. (ii) inventory turnover ratio is negatively correlated with vertical integration and industry dynamism. We also examine time trends in inventory turnover performance and find that it has been improved over the period from 1999 to 2009.
机译：运营管理方面的研究重点是解释组织之间的运营绩效差异（Gino和Pisano，2008年）。同样，本论文的动机是需要研究以技术（生产）效率和库存生产率衡量的公司绩效。论文由三篇论文组成，涉及：（i）在存在信息技术（IT）的情况下美国制造和服务运营的绩效； （ii）公司和行业特征对以技术效率衡量的IT业务价值的影响；在第一篇论文中，基于贝叶斯随机生产前沿方法，我们评估并比较了存在以下情况的美国制造业和服务业的绩效使用从1999年到2009年的133家公司的一组公司数据，对公司，行业和部门的IT进行分析。我们还检查了是否存在技术效率方面的“ IT生产率悖论”，将整个样本分类为根据IT投资的相对规模分为三个子组（高IT，中IT和低IT投资公司）。此外，通过建议进行敏感性分析，我们观察到技术效率的变化对IT资本质量的变化的响应。主要发现包括：（i）本研究中考虑的相当多的公司受益于采用IT资本作为其生产要素之一。 （ii）大量的IT投资不一定能提高技术效率。 （iii）不论采用资讯科技，批发业在技术效率方面均表现最佳。 （iv）在八个行业（五个制造业和三个服务行业）中观察到IT生产率悖论。 （v）低IT投资公司，批发业和服务业对IT资本质量的变化不那么敏感。此外，本文详细回顾了称为吉布斯抽样的有用估计方法，该方法被认为是分析管理问题的新颖方法之一。在第二篇文章中，我们从技术角度研究了企业和行业特征以及IT的作用。效率。具体而言，我们采用增长选项和垂直整合来反映公司特征，并采用行业活力和集中度来反映行业特征，我们以技术效率来分析这些变量对IT业务价值的影响。为了进行分析，本文使用装备了贝叶斯随机生产前沿的广义两方程模型，使用了1999年至2009年间131家公司的一组公司级IT数据。重要的是，重新审视了IT生产率悖论。选择的特征。主要研究结果包括：（i）信息技术对集体层面的产出和技术效率产生积极影响，而与引入公司和行业特征无关。 （ii）垂直整合对产出和技术效率有负面影响，IT和垂直整合之间的关系是可替代的。 （iii）在缺乏和存在企业和行业特征的情况下，高IT投资公司不会从IT中受益。 （iv）在大多数IT投资较高的行业中，IT生产率存在悖论。 （v）由IT和企业特征以及行业特征引起的可替代性现象出现在六个行业（三个制造业和三个服务业）中，而不论考虑哪个特征;在第三篇论文中，我们研究了IT投资与库存周转率之间的关系绩效，使用了11年（从1999年到2009年）的98家公司。此外，我们分析了库存周转表现与企业和行业特征之间的相关性。具体而言，如第二篇文章所述，选择垂直整合和增长选项以反映公司内部特征的重要特征，并选择行业动态和集中度来代表行业的竞争环境。主要发现包括以下几方面：（i）库存周转率与IT投资和增长选择呈正相关。 （ii）存货周转率与垂直整合和行业活力呈负相关。我们还检查了库存周转绩效的时间趋势，发现在1999年至2009年期间它得到了改善。

著录项

  • 作者

    Kim, Gilwhan.;

  • 作者单位

    State University of New York at Buffalo.;

  • 授予单位 State University of New York at Buffalo.;
  • 学科 Management.;Operations research.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 167 p.
  • 总页数 167
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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