Oily wastewater, which constitute a large part of industrial wastewaters, can contain emulsified oil and surfactants, a wide variety of hydrocarbons and related contaminants, inorganic salts and organic matter. Conventional treatment techniques include dissolved air flotation, gravity separation, chemical breaking of emulsions, coagulation and flocculation. However, these techniques have several drawbacks, such as complex operational procedures, low efficiency in the case of small-diameter oil droplets and a large amount of sludge produced, which, in itself, represents an environmental and economic problem. Flocculation of oily wastewaters employ often polymers designed for other applications and used at dosages tenfold higher than for those used in sludge dewatering. Hence, it is not surprising that companies with such oily wastes, including dairies, food-processing or edible oil producers, are often reluctant to try to recover assets from their water resource while they are still recoverable (i.e. in the plant). The main purpose of this work is twofold: the development of novel flocculants to treat oily wastewaters, especially from food industry, and to use more health-friendly formulations in their synthesis. In this way, it is possible to produce a specific product to treat a defined wastewater, avoiding the problems of having to overdose polymers designed for other types of waters. Besides this, it is also possible to do this development using processes that are safer for health, replacing the hazardous compounds used in their synthesis, especially the aromatic compounds.;As results of the studies conducted, a wide range of flocculants was prepared, apparently with suitable characteristics for application in the treatment of oily wastewaters from organic nature. The developed flocculants and application procedures on oily wastewaters treatment show to be very promising, suggesting to be worthy of pursuing in research with the view to achieve a possible future practice at an industrial scale. The same applies to the monitoring methodology developed, which was applied for the first time in this work, to follow the flocculation process in a real effluent. This work is inserted in a European Project of European Industrial Doctorates (FP7 Marie Curie-EID), involving the collaboration of a company with large experience in polyelectrolytes production, especially tuned polymers, which is also partner of the Project. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).
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机译：含油废水占工业废水的大部分，其中可能包含乳化的油和表面活性剂，各种碳氢化合物及相关污染物，无机盐和有机物。常规处理技术包括溶解气浮，重力分离，乳液的化学破碎，凝结和絮凝。然而，这些技术具有若干缺点，例如复杂的操作程序，在小直径油滴的情况下效率低以及产生大量污泥，这本身就代表了环境和经济问题。含油废水的絮凝通常采用为其他用途设计的聚合物，其用量比污泥脱水中使用的聚合物高十倍。因此，具有此类油性废物的公司（包括乳制品厂，食品加工或食用油生产商）通常不愿尝试在仍可回收的时候（即在工厂中）从其水资源中回收资产也就不足为奇了。这项工作的主要目的是双重的：开发新型絮凝剂来处理含油废水，尤其是食品工业中的含油废水，并在其合成过程中使用更健康的配方。以此方式，可以生产特定产品来处理确定的废水，避免了为其他类型的水而设计的聚合物过量使用的问题。除此之外，还可以使用对健康更安全的方法来进行这种开发，以替代合成中使用的有害化合物，尤其是芳香族化合物。;进行的研究结果，显然制备了多种絮凝剂具有适用于处理有机性质的含油废水的特性。发达的絮凝剂和在含油废水处理中的应用程序显示出非常有前途的潜力，表明值得进行研究，以期在工业规模上实现可能的未来实践。这同样适用于所开发的监测方法，该方法在这项工作中首次应用，以跟踪实际废水中的絮凝过程。这项工作被插入到欧洲工业博士学位的欧洲项目（FP7 Marie Curie-EID）中，该项目涉及在聚电解质特别是调谐聚合物生产方面具有丰富经验的公司，该公司也是该项目的合作伙伴。 （摘要由ProQuest缩短。）。
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