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Framework for risk-based management and safety of railroad bridge infrastructure using wireless smart sensors (WSS).

机译：使用无线智能传感器（WSS）的基于风险的铁路桥梁基础设施管理和安全框架。

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摘要

To increase overall profitability, add capacity to rail operations to meet projected needs, and comply with new federal regulations on bridge safety, North American railroads are exploring means and methods to improve the management of their bridge networks. Current maintenance, repair, and replacement (MRR) decisions are informed by bridge inspections and ratings. Inspection and rating practices recommend observing the response of bridges under revenue traffic. However, an objective relationship between bridge responses and the impact to railroad operations has yet to be established. Moreover, measuring responses while trains are on the bridge can be quite challenging and sometimes may not be possible. As a result, current MRR decisions are not optimal and in general conservative, prioritizing safety to overcome the uncertainty of consequences of inaction. If the consequences of MRR decisions could be better determined, then the railroads could more effectively allocate their limited resources. This dissertation addresses this issue by developing an approach for consequence-based management of bridge networks, adopted from the field of seismic risk assessment, for making MRR decisions on a network-wide basis. The proposed framework assesses bridge service state condition based on fragility relations. Fragility curves are developed relating bridge responses under revenue service traffic to service condition limit states. Additionally, this research conducted specific Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) campaigns for railroad bridges employing Wireless Smart Sensors (WSS). Wireless strain gages installed in the rail measured real-time trainloads and speeds, while wireless accelerometers and magnetic strain gages measured associated bridge responses. The sensing system was deployed and validated on multiple railroad bridges in North America under different types of traffic and capacity. The measured bridge data can be used to update periodically the fragilities to have more accurate estimates of the bridge condition. The expenses associated with these service conditions estimate the total costs of a given MRR policy. In this way, MRR decisions can be prioritized minimizing negative consequences to railroad operations. This framework provides a consistent approach for intelligent management of railroad bridges, and more specifically, for the prioritization of railroad bridge MRR decisions. Using this framework the rail owner can identify the most efficient use of a limited budget while maintaining safe railroad operations.
机译：为了提高总体盈利能力，增加铁路运营能力以满足预期需求并遵守有关桥梁安全的新联邦法规，北美铁路正在探索改善其桥梁网络管理的方式和方法。当前的维护，修理和更换（MRR）决定通过桥梁检查和等级来告知。检查和评级惯例建议观察收入流量下桥梁的响应。但是，桥梁响应与对铁路运营的影响之间的客观关系尚未建立。此外，当火车在桥上时测量响应可能非常具有挑战性，有时甚至是不可能的。结果，当前的MRR决策不是最佳的，而且通常是保守的，因此优先考虑安全性以克服不作为后果的不确定性。如果可以更好地确定MRR决策的结果，那么铁路可以更有效地分配其有限的资源。本文通过开发一种基于结果的桥梁网络管理方法来解决这个问题，该方法是从地震风险评估领域采用的，用于在整个网络范围内做出MRR决策。所提出的框架基于脆弱性关系评估桥梁服务状态条件。绘制了脆弱性曲线，将收益服务流量下的网桥响应与服务条件限制状态相关联。此外，这项研究针对采用无线智能传感器（WSS）的铁路桥梁进行了特定的结构健康监测（SHM）运动。安装在铁轨上的无线应变仪可测量实时火车载荷和速度，而无线加速度计和磁性应变仪可测量相关的桥梁响应。该传感系统已在北美的多座铁路桥梁上以不同的流量和通行能力进行了部署和验证。测得的桥梁数据可用于定期更新脆弱性，以更准确地评估桥梁状况。与这些服务条件相关的费用估计了给定的MRR政策的总费用。这样，可以优先考虑MRR决策，以最大程度地减少对铁路运营的负面影响。该框架为铁路桥梁的智能管理，尤其是铁路桥梁MRR决策的优先级提供了一致的方法。使用此框架，铁路所有者可以确定有限预算的最有效使用方式，同时又能确保铁路运营的安全。

著录项

  • 作者

    Moreu, Fernando.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.;

  • 授予单位 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.;
  • 学科 Civil engineering.;Mechanical engineering.;Transportation.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 199 p.
  • 总页数 199
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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