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首页> 外文学位 >The Colloidal Stabilization of Quantum Dots: Towards Manufacturable, Efficient Solution-Processed Solar Cells.
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The Colloidal Stabilization of Quantum Dots: Towards Manufacturable, Efficient Solution-Processed Solar Cells.

机译：量子点的胶体稳定化：向可制造，高效溶液处理的太阳能电池发展。

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摘要

Understanding colloidal stabilization can influence the design of optoelectronic devices and enable improvements to their performance and stability. For photovoltaics, important characteristics of the active layer material are high conductivity along with a minimum of recombination centers. In order to capitalize on the benefits of solution-processed materials, it is important to minimize the number of processing steps: ideally, to achieve a low-cost solution, materials would be deposited using a single process step compatible with roll-to-roll manufacturing.;Prior to this work, the highest-performing colloidal quantum dots (CQD) solar cells have relied on several deposition steps that are repeated in a layer-by-layer (LBL) fashion. The purpose of these process steps has been to remove the long insulating ligands used in synthesis and replace them with short ligands that allow electrical conduction. The large number of steps combined, typically implemented via spin coating, leads to inefficient materials utilization and fails to show a path to a manufacturable solution.;In this work, the first CQD solar cells were designed, built, and characterized combining state-of-art performance with scalable manufacture.;Firstly, I report the first automated CQD synthesis to result in CQDs that form high-performance CQD solar cells. I analyze the CQD synthesis and by separating it into two phases---nucleation and growth phase---my insights are used to create higher-quality CQDs exhibiting enhanced monodispersity. I then proceed to develop a CQD ink: a CQD solution ready for direct deposition to form a semiconducting film exhibiting low trap state density.;In early trials the CQD ink showed only limited power conversion efficiencies of 2%.;I designed a new ink strategy, which I term cleavable hemiketal ligands. This novel two-component ligand strategy enables the combination of colloidal stabilization (via this longer two-component ligand) and cleavability (enabling excellent packing in film and, ultimately, excellent electronic properties). As capstone, I report CQD solar cells exhibiting 7.9% solar power conversion efficiencies. This is, by a wide margin, the most efficient class of CQD solar cells to be reported based on a manufacturable fabrication method.;The advances in this work---from automated synthesis to synchrotron studies of CQD packing to novel cleavable ligands---pave the way for new sustainable energy harvesting strategies based on solution-processed nanomaterials.
机译：了解胶体稳定性可以影响光电器件的设计，并可以改善其性能和稳定性。对于光伏来说，活性层材料的重要特性是高电导率以及最小的复合中心。为了利用固溶处理材料的好处，重要的是最小化处理步骤的数量：理想地，为了获得低成本的解决方案，将使用与卷对卷兼容的单个处理步骤来沉积材料在此工作之前，性能最高的胶体量子点（CQD）太阳能电池依赖于以逐层（LBL）方式重复进行的几个沉积步骤。这些工艺步骤的目的是去除合成中使用的长绝缘配体，并用允许导电的短配体代替。通常通过旋涂实施的大量步骤组合导致材料利用效率低下，并且无法显示出可制造的解决方案的路径。在这项工作中，第一批CQD太阳能电池的设计，制造和特性结合了先进的性能和可扩展的制造。首先，我报告了第一个自动化的CQD合成，以生成形成高性能CQD太阳能电池的CQD。我分析了CQD合成，并将其分为成核阶段和生长阶段两个阶段，我的见解被用于创建表现出更高单分散性的高质量CQD。然后，我继续开发CQD墨水：一种CQD解决方案，可以直接沉积以形成具有低陷阱态密度的半导体膜。在早期试验中，CQD墨水仅显示了2％的有限功率转换效率。策略，我称其为可裂解的半配体。这种新颖的两组分配体策略可实现胶体稳定化（通过更长的两组分配体）和可裂解性（可实现薄膜的极佳堆积，并最终实现出色的电子性能）的组合。作为总结，我报道了CQD太阳能电池具有7.9％的太阳能转换效率。很大程度上，这是基于可制造的制造方法所报告的最有效的CQD太阳能电池类别;这项工作的进展-从自动合成到CQD组装的同步加速器研究再到新的可裂解配体- -为基于溶液处理的纳米材料的新型可持续能源收集策略铺平道路。

著录项

  • 作者

    Rollny, Lisa.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Toronto (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Toronto (Canada).;
  • 学科 Materials science.;Alternative Energy.;Energy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 130 p.
  • 总页数 130
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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