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Environmental drivers of the coral reef accretion-erosion balance in present and future ocean conditions.

机译:在当前和将来的海洋条件下,珊瑚礁增生与侵蚀平衡的环境驱动因素。

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摘要

Worldwide, declines in coral cover and shifts in coral reef community composition have raised concerns about whether reef accretion will continue to exceed reef erosion. Reef persistence is influenced by global and local anthropogenic factors, such as ocean warming, acidification, eutrophication, and overfishing, as well as natural environmental variability. Predicting reef response to environmental stress requires an understanding of both natural and anthropogenic environmental drivers of reef accretion and erosion, and how these drivers interact at different spatiotemporal scales. In Chapters 2 and 3, I measured the variation in accretion, erosion, and net change rates along a natural gradient to determine the dominant environmental drivers of accretion-erosion rates at small spatial scales (tens of meters). In Chapter 4, I expanded the geographic range to 1000s of kilometers, measuring variation in accretion and erosion rates, as well as bioeroder community composition, across the Hawaiian Archipelago. In Chapter 5, I used a controlled mesocosm experiment to directly examine the effects of global anthropogenic drivers (i.e., temperature and ocean acidification) on the coral reef accretion-erosion balance. The results of my dissertation research highlight the significance of spatial scale in understanding reef dynamics and the differential responses of reef accretion and erosion to environmental drivers, which will change our predictions of net coral reef response to future environmental change. Further, my results suggest that increases in reef erosion, combined with expected decreases in calcification, could accelerate the shift of coral reefs to an erosion-dominated system in a high CO2 world.
机译:在世界范围内,珊瑚覆盖率的下降和珊瑚礁群落组成的变化,引发了人们对珊瑚礁增生是否会继续超过珊瑚礁侵蚀的担忧。珊瑚礁的持久性受全球和当地人为因素的影响,例如海洋变暖,酸化,富营养化和过度捕捞以及自然环境的变化。预测礁石对环境压力的反应,需要了解礁石积聚和侵蚀的自然和人为环境驱动因素,以及这些驱动因素如何在不同的时空尺度上相互作用。在第2章和第3章中,我测量了吸积,侵蚀和净变化率沿自然梯度的变化,以确定小空间尺度(数十米)上吸积-侵蚀率的主要环境驱动因素。在第4章中,我将地理范围扩展到了1000千米,测量了整个夏威夷群岛的增生和侵蚀速率以及生物侵蚀剂群落组成的变化。在第5章中,我使用了受控的中观宇宙实验直接检查了全球人为驱动因素(即温度和海洋酸化)对珊瑚礁增生-侵蚀平衡的影响。我的论文研究的结果突出了空间尺度在理解礁石动力学以及礁石增生和侵蚀对环境驱动因素的不同响应方面的重要性,这将改变我们对净珊瑚礁对未来环境变化的预测。此外,我的研究结果表明,在高CO2排放量的世界中,珊瑚礁侵蚀的增加,加上钙化的预期减少,可能会加速珊瑚礁向以侵蚀为主的系统的转移。

著录项

  • 作者

    Silbiger, Nyssa J.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Hawai'i at Manoa.;

  • 授予单位 University of Hawai'i at Manoa.;
  • 学科 Ecology.;Zoology.;Biological oceanography.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 242 p.
  • 总页数 242
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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