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首页> 外文学位 >Impacts of three insect growth regulators and the particle barrier film, kaolin, on alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica (Gyllenhal), secondary pest, pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) & natural enemy complex
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Impacts of three insect growth regulators and the particle barrier film, kaolin, on alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica (Gyllenhal), secondary pest, pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) & natural enemy complex

机译：三种昆虫生长调节剂和颗粒屏障膜高岭土对苜蓿象鼻虫，Hypera postica（Gyllenhal），次生害虫，豌豆蚜虫，Acyrthosiphon pisum（Harris）和天敌复合体的影响

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摘要

Studies were conducted in Montana to evaluate the impacts of the insect growth regulators novaluron, diflubenzuron, azadirachtin and the particle barrier film, kaolin, on the primary pest, alfalfa weevil (AW, Hypera Postica [Gyllenhal)], natural enemies of alfalfa weevil and the secondary pest, pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris). Kaolin, diflubenzuron and azadirachtin treatments caused low (<53%) AW mortality and did not prevent AW feeding damage across 5 field sites. Novaluron caused the highest mortality (74 +/- 3% at one field site) while significantly reducing feeding damage across two of five field sites (P < 0.05) and two greenhouse trials. Plants treated with novaluron weighed significantly more than untreated plants at harvest in either greenhouse study with a final harvest weight of 2.7 +/- 0.2 and 3.4 +/- 0.3g / pot in the novaluron treated pots compared to 2.2 +/- 0.1 and 2.4 +/- 0.3 g / pot in the untreated; however harvest yields were not increased in field trials. All experimental treatments provided some pre-harvest benefits to the predator-alfalfa weevil and predator-pea aphid complex at various field sites; however novaluron treatments provided significantly higher predator-alfalfa weevil ratios consistently across four of five field sites when compared to the synthetic pyrethroid, lambda cyhalothrin (P < 0.05). At these four field sites, novaluron treated plots harbored an average predator-alfalfa weevil ratio of 0.15 +/- 0.07 compared to 0.02 +/- 0.02 in lambda cyahlothrin treated plots in the first harvest cycle. Parasitism rates were significantly higher when experimental treatments were used compared to the lambda cyhalothrin treated plots across five field sites (P < 0.05). The added benefit of conserving predators and parasitoids in combination with direct pesticide efficacy never reduced densities of AW or pea aphid to that of the synthetic pyrethroid treatment in the first or second harvest cycle. While novaluron had little benfit on reducing AW or pea aphid poulations to that of the synthetic pyrethroid treatment, it offers the best potential for developing a soft-chemical/biological system for protecting alfalfa from this key arthropod pest. Future studies taking advantage of novalurons mode of action as a feeding deterrent should be explored.
机译：在蒙大拿州进行了研究，以评估昆虫生长调节剂Novaluron，Diflubenzuron，印苦ach子素和颗粒屏障膜高岭土对主要害虫苜蓿象鼻虫（AW，Hypera Postica [Gyllenhal]），苜蓿象鼻虫的天敌和次生害虫是豌豆蚜虫，蚜虫（Acyrthosiphon pisum）（哈里斯）。高岭土，双氟苯隆和印苦ach子素处理导致较低的（<53％）AW死亡率，并且没有阻止5个田间地点的AW饲喂损害。 Novaluron导致最高的死亡率（在一个田间地点的死亡率为74 +/- 3％），同时显着减少了五个田间地点中的两个（P <0.05）和两次温室试验的进食损害。在任一温室研究中，用牛valu子处理的植物在收获时的重量均显着大于未处理的植物，在牛valu子处理的盆中，最终收获重量为2.7 +/- 0.2和3.4 +/- 0.3g /盆，而2.2 +/- 0.1和2.4未经处理的+/- 0.3 g /罐；但是，田间试验并未增加收成。所有的实验处理在不同的田间地点为捕食者-苜蓿象鼻虫和捕食者-豌豆蚜虫复合体提供了一些收获前的益处；然而，与合成拟除虫菊酯λ氟氯氰菊酯相比，诺富隆处理在五个田间站点中的四个站点中始终提供更高的捕食者-苜蓿象鼻比率（P <0.05）。在这四个田地中，用诺富隆处理过的地块的捕食者-苜蓿象鼻虫的平均比率为0.15 +/- 0.07，而在第一个收获周期中用lambda氰菊酯处理过的地块的捕食者-苜蓿象鼻虫的平均比率为0.02 +/- 0.02。与使用lamcyda cyhalothrin处理的五个田地相比，使用实验处理的寄生虫发生率显着更高（P <0.05）。与捕食性天敌和拟寄生物相结合，加上直接的杀虫剂功效，与之相比，在第一个或第二个收获周期中，AW或豌豆蚜的密度从未降低过合成拟除虫菊酯处理的密度。尽管Novaluron不能将AW或豌豆蚜虫的数量减少到合成拟除虫菊酯处理的好处，但它具有开发软化学/生物系统以保护苜蓿免受这种主要节肢动物害虫侵害的最大潜力。应该探索利用novalurons作用方式作为喂养威慑力量的未来研究。

著录项

  • 作者

    Tharp, Cecil Irwin.;

  • 作者单位

    Montana State University.;

  • 授予单位 Montana State University.;
  • 学科 Entomology.;Plant sciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 226 p.
  • 总页数 226
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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