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Exposure to zoonotic Staphylococcus aureus among industrial hog operation workers and their household contacts in North Carolina, and dissemination into the household environment

机译：北卡罗莱纳州的工业生猪操作工人及其家庭接触者暴露于人畜共患的金黄色葡萄球菌，并传播到家庭环境中

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摘要

Industrialized systems of food animal production are a potential source of exposure to antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus that can be transmitted between animals and humans. In the United States, there is little information regarding occurrence and persistence of exposure to S. aureus among healthy individuals who have frequent contact with intensively-raised livestock, or about occupational activities that may be associated with exposure, health implications of exposure, or dissemination of these bacteria into the household environment. This dissertation sought to address these research gaps. In Chapter 2, I describe findings from a 14-day, repeated measures pilot study in which we observed persistent nasal carriage with zoonotic S. aureus among industrial hog operation workers, even during time away from work. In Chapters 3 and 4, I describe findings from a four month repeated-measures study of workers and their household members, in which we observed that (1) infrequent face mask use was a predictor of workers' nasal carriage with zoonotic S. aureus, (2) presence of zoonotic S. aureus in workers' noses may be associated with recently reported symptoms of skin and soft tissue infection, (3) workers in North Carolina frequently carry a S. aureus strain type commonly detected in Asia (CC9), and (4) zoonotic S. aureus may be shared between workers and their household members. In Chapter 5, I describe findings from a household environmental sampling study in which we observed that households' environmental exposure to industrial hog operations was associated with presence of zoonotic S. aureus in the home, and that S. aureus in household members' noses was similar to what we recovered from their household environment. Overall, the findings outlined in this dissertation suggest that current livestock production practices can lead to persistent nasal carriage of zoonotic S. aureus among workers as well as their household members, and that some of these antibiotic-resistant strains can have reservoirs in the household environment. Additional research is necessary to determine public health risks associated with these zoonotic, antibiotic-resistant bacteria. These research findings could be used to help inform national policies about food animal production practices such that worker and community health may be safeguarded.
机译：食用动物生产的工业化系统是可能暴露于动物和人类之间的抗生素耐药性金黄色葡萄球菌的潜在来源。在美国，很少有关于频繁接触集约饲养的牲畜的健康个体中金黄色葡萄球菌暴露的发生和持续的信息，或与暴露，暴露对健康的影响或传播有关的职业活动的信息。这些细菌进入家庭环境。本文试图解决这些研究空白。在第2章中，我描述了一项为期14天，重复措施的初步研究的结果，在该研究中，我们观察到即使在下班期间，工业猪操作工人中仍存在人畜共患的金黄色葡萄球菌持续鼻腔运输。在第3章和第4章中，我描述了对工人及其家庭成员进行的为期四个月的重复测量研究的结果，在该研究中，我们观察到：（1）很少使用口罩是工人带有人畜共患的金黄色葡萄球菌鼻腔运输的预测因素， （2）工人鼻子中存在人畜共患的金黄色葡萄球菌可能与最近报告的皮肤和软组织感染症状有关；（3）北卡罗来纳州的工人经常携带亚洲常见的金黄色葡萄球菌菌株（CC9）， （4）工人及其家属可以共享人畜共患的金黄色葡萄球菌。在第5章中，我描述了一项家庭环境抽样研究的结果，在该研究中，我们观察到家庭暴露于工业生猪操作的环境与家庭中人畜共患的金黄色葡萄球菌的存在有关，而家庭成员鼻子中的金黄色葡萄球菌是类似于我们从他们的家庭环境中恢复的东西。总体而言，本论文概述的发现表明，当前的畜牧生产实践可能导致工人及其家庭成员之间持续鼻饲人畜共患金黄色葡萄球菌，并且其中一些抗药性菌株可以在家庭环境中蓄水。为了确定与这些人​​畜共患的，抗药性细菌有关的公共健康风险，还需要进行其他研究。这些研究结果可用于帮助提供有关食用动物生产实践的国家政策，从而可以保护工人和社区的健康。

著录项

  • 作者

    Nadimpalli, Maya.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;

  • 授予单位 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;
  • 学科 Environmental health.;Microbiology.;Occupational safety.;Animal sciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2015
  • 页码 192 p.
  • 总页数 192
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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