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Vermicompost application as a fertilizer source and substrate ammendment for seedlings and transplants: Practical application and microbial activity analysis.

机译：Vermicompost用作肥料和幼苗和移植基质的改良剂：实际应用和微生物活性分析。

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摘要

Fertility management of seedlings/transplants can be difficult especially when they are grown in an organic production system. Transplants are grown in small containers with substrates that usually contain a low nutrient holding capacity. Organically supplied nutrients are primarily slow release and depend on biological processes to convert organically bound nutrients into a plant available form. Temperature influences both microbial activity and plant growth. Little information is currently available on the effect of vermicompost additions on microbial activity and subsequent plant performance in soilless substrates. Commercially produced vermicompost (VC) is a worm processed form of compost that can be used to provide fertility in organic systems. The source and method for producing VC are extremely variable. Therefore, the objective of this work was to test performance of seedlings/transplants in response to fertilizers, temperature, and sources of vermicompost. In addition, the microbial activity in vermicompost will be determined. Germination and transplant experiments were conducted using various quantities, sources and application methods of VC. Seeds of pepper 'Calwonder' (Capsicum annuum L.), tomato 'Rutgers 39' (Solanum lycopersicum L.), petunia 'Celebrity White F1' (Petunia x hybrid) and snapdragon 'Rocket Mix F1' (Antirrhinum majus L.) were included. Topdressing VC instead of incorporating led to higher fresh weight (FW) of tomato, pepper, petunia, and snapdragon. The source of VC had significant effect on plant growth of tomato and peppers in seedling and transplant stages. Vermicompost extract (VCE) applied at 5 applications per week was adequate to produce marketable seedlings of the four species above. A trial was conducted to compare the performance of several different granular organic fertilizers on 10 cm containers of 'Celebrity' tomato transplant growth at average daily temperatures of 10, 15, or 20 °C. The results indicate that the fertilizers perform well at 15 and 20 °C, but plant growth and nutrient availability was reduced at 10 °C. Results indicate that at 15 and 20°C Sustane, Verdanta, and Microstart can be substituted for conventional synthetic fertilizers for quality plant growth and decreased leaching. In another trial, VC, autoclaved VC and Sustane were applied in six combinations to determine if the microbial community in VC facilitated nitrogen mineralization. Plant growth and microbial parameters were measured at 2 week intervals for 6 weeks. By week 6, the FW of trts with VC or autoclaved vermicompost (AVC) applied performed better than the control. Very little difference in plant growth was found between VC or AVC treatments. Microbial activity measurements found that most of the activity of the microbes was concentrated in week 0 and 2. Respiration decreased in week 4 and then increased in week 6. The microbial activity was greatest in the first 2 weeks and coincided with the highest levels of N in the substrate and leachate.
机译：幼苗/移植物的肥力管理可能很困难，尤其是当它们在有机生产系统中生长时。移植物生长在带有底物的小容器中，底物通常含有低养分能力。有机供应的养分主要是缓慢释放，并取决于生物过程将有机结合的养分转化为植物可用的形式。温度影响微生物活性和植物生长。目前几乎没有关于添加com粉对微生物活性以及随后在无土基质中植物生长的影响的信息。商业生产的ver堆肥（VC）是蠕虫加工的堆肥形式，可用于在有机系统中提供肥力。产生VC的来源和方法变化很大。因此，这项工作的目的是测试幼苗/移植物对肥料，温度和ver虫来源的反应。此外，还将确定vercompostcompost中的微生物活性。使用VC的各种数量，来源和应用方法进行了发芽和移植实验。辣椒的种子有“ Calwonder”（辣椒），番茄的“ Rutgers 39”（Solanum lycopersicum L.），矮牵牛“ Celebrity White F1”（Petunia x hybrid）和金鱼草“ Rocket Mix F1”（Antirrhinum majus L.）。包括在内。追施VC而不是掺入VC可提高番茄，胡椒，矮牵牛和金鱼草的鲜重（FW）。在苗期和移栽阶段，VC的来源对番茄和辣椒的植物生长具有显着影响。每周施用5次的Vermicompost提取物（VCE）足以生产上述四个物种的适销对路苗木。进行了一项试验，比较了几种不同的颗粒状有机肥料在10厘米“名人”番茄移植生长容器上的平均每日温度为10、15或20°C时的性能。结果表明，肥料在15和20°C下表现良好，但在10°C下植物生长和养分利用率降低。结果表明，在15和20°C下，Sustane，Verdanta和Microstart可以代替常规合成肥料，以提高植物的生长质量并减少浸出。在另一项试验中，将VC，高压灭菌的VC和Sustane分为6种组合使用，以确定VC中的微生物群落是否促进了氮矿化。每隔2周测量一次植物生长和微生物参数，持续6周。到第6周，应用VC或高压灭菌的ver子（AVC）的trt的FW表现优于对照组。 VC或AVC处理之间的植物生长差异很小。微生物活性测量发现，微生物的大部分活性集中在第0和2周。呼吸在第4周减少，然后在第6周增加。微生物活性在前2周最大，并且与最高水平的N相吻合。在底物和渗滤液中。

著录项

  • 作者

    Brace, Stephanie Alexandra.;

  • 作者单位

    Cornell University.;

  • 授予单位 Cornell University.;
  • 学科 Horticulture.;Plant sciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2017
  • 页码 131 p.
  • 总页数 131
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:53:19

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