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An Innovative RAN Architecture for Emerging Heterogeneous Networks: 'The Road to the 5G Era'.

机译：新兴异构网络的创新RAN架构：“通往5G时代的道路”。

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摘要

The global demand for mobile-broadband data services has experienced phenomenal growth over the last few years, driven by the rapid proliferation of smart devices such as smartphones and tablets. This growth is expected to continue unabated as mobile data traffic is predicted to grow anywhere from 20 to 50 times over the next 5 years. Exacerbating the problem is that such unprecedented surge in smartphones usage, which is characterized by frequent short on/off connections and mobility, generates heavy signaling traffic load in the network "signaling storms". This consumes a disproportion amount of network resources, compromising network throughput and efficiency, and in extreme cases can cause the Third-Generation (3G) or 4G (long-term evolution (LTE) and LTE-Advanced (LTE-A)) cellular networks to crash.;As the conventional approaches of improving the spectral efficiency and/or allocation additional spectrum are fast approaching their theoretical limits, there is a growing consensus that current 3G and 4G (LTE/LTE-A) cellular radio access technologies (RATs) won't be able to meet the anticipated growth in mobile traffic demand. To address these challenges, the wireless industry and standardization bodies have initiated a roadmap for transition from 4G to 5G cellular technology with a key objective to increase capacity by "1000x by 2020". Even though the technology hasn't been invented yet, the hype around 5G networks has begun to bubble. The emerging consensus is that 5G is not a single technology, but rather a synergistic collection of interworking technical innovations and solutions that collectively address the challenge of traffic growth.;The core emerging ingredients that are widely considered the key enabling technologies to realize the envisioned 5G era, listed in the order of importance, are: 1) Heterogeneous networks (HetNets); 2) flexible backhauling; 3) efficient traffic offload techniques; and 4) Self Organizing Networks (SONs). The anticipated solutions delivered by efficient interworking/ integration of these enabling technologies are not simply about throwing more resources and /or spectrum at the challenge. The envisioned solution, however, requires radically different cellular RAN and mobile core architectures that efficiently and cost-effectively deploy and manage radio resources as well as offload mobile traffic from the overloaded core network.;The main objective of this thesis is to address the key techno-economics challenges facing the transition from current Fourth-Generation (4G) cellular technology to the 5G era in the context of proposing a novel high-risk revolutionary direction to the design and implementation of the envisioned 5G cellular networks. The ultimate goal is to explore the potential and viability of cost-effectively implementing the 1000x capacity challenge while continuing to provide adequate mobile broadband experience to users. Specifically, this work proposes and devises a novel PON-based HetNet mobile backhaul RAN architecture that: 1) holistically addresses the key techno-economics hurdles facing the implementation of the envisioned 5G cellular technology, specifically, the backhauling and signaling challenges; and 2) enables, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, the support of efficient ground-breaking mobile data and signaling offload techniques, which significantly enhance the performance of both the HetNet-based RAN and LTE-A's core network (Evolved Packet Core (EPC) per 3GPP standard), ensure that core network equipment is used more productively, and moderate the evolving 5G's signaling growth and optimize its impact.;To address the backhauling challenge, we propose a cost-effective fiber-based small cell backhaul infrastructure, which leverages existing fibered and powered facilities associated with a PON-based fiber-to-the-Node/Home (FTTN/FTTH)) residential access network. Due to the sharing of existing valuable fiber assets, the proposed PON-based backhaul architecture, in which the small cells are collocated with existing FTTN remote terminals (optical network units (ONUs)), is much more economical than conventional point-to-point (PTP) fiber backhaul designs. A fully distributed ring-based EPON architecture is utilized here as the fiber-based HetNet backhaul. The techno-economics merits of utilizing the proposed PON-based FTTx access HetNet RAN architecture versus that of traditional 4G LTE-A's RAN will be thoroughly examined and quantified. Specifically, we quantify the techno-economics merits of the proposed PON-based HetNet backhaul by comparing its performance versus that of a conventional fiber-based PTP backhaul architecture as a benchmark.;It is shown that the purposely selected ring-based PON architecture along with the supporting distributed control plane enable the proposed PON-based FTTx RAN architecture to support several key salient networking features that collectively significantly enhance the overall performance of both the HetNet-based RAN and 4G LTE-A's core (EPC) compared to that of the typical fiber-based PTP backhaul architecture in terms of handoff capability, signaling overhead, overall network throughput and latency, and QoS support. It will also been shown that the proposed HetNet-based RAN architecture is not only capable of providing the typical macro-cell offloading gain (RAN gain) but also can provide ground-breaking EPC offloading gain.;The simulation results indicate that the overall capacity of the proposed HetNet scales with the number of deployed small cells, thanks to LTE-A's advanced interference management techniques. For example, if there are 10 deployed outdoor small cells for every macrocell in the network, then the overall capacity will be approximately 10-11x capacity gain over a macro-only network. To reach the 1000x capacity goal, numerous small cells including 3G, 4G, and WiFi (femtos, picos, metros, relays, remote radio heads, distributed antenna systems) need to be deployed indoors and outdoors, at all possible venues (residences and enterprises).
机译：在过去的几年中，由于智能手机和平板电脑等智能设备的迅速普及，全球对移动宽带数据服务的需求经历了惊人的增长。预计这种增长将持续下去，因为在未来5年中，移动数据流量预计将增长20到50倍。加剧该问题的是，这种智能手机使用率的空前增长（其特点是频繁的开/关连接和移动性不足）会在网络“信令风暴”中产生沉重的信令流量负载。这会消耗大量网络资源，损害网络吞吐量和效率，并且在极端情况下会导致第三代（3G）或4G（长期演进（LTE）和LTE-Advanced（LTE-A））蜂窝网络随着提高频谱效率和/或分配额外频谱的常规方法正快速接近其理论极限，人们越来越多地达成共识，即当前的3G和4G（LTE / LTE-A）蜂窝无线接入技术（RAT）将无法满足移动流量需求的预期增长。为了应对这些挑战，无线行业和标准化机构已经启动了从4G到5G蜂窝技术过渡的路线图，其主要目标是将容量“到2020年增加1000倍”。即使尚未发明这项技术，但围绕5G网络的炒作已经开始冒泡。新兴共识是5G并非单一技术，而是协同工作的技术创新和解决方案的协同集合，共同应对流量增长的挑战;;被广泛认为是实现5G关键技术的核心新兴要素按重要性顺序列出的时代是：1）异构网络（HetNets）； 2）灵活的回程； 3）高效的流量卸载技术；和4）自组织网络（SON）。这些使能技术的高效互通/集成所提供的预期解决方案，不仅仅在于向挑战中投入更多的资源和/或频谱。但是，设想的解决方案需要完全不同的蜂窝RAN和移动核心体系结构，这些体系结构可以有效且经济高效地部署和管理无线电资源，并从过载的核心网络中卸载移动业务。本论文的主要目的是解决关键问题。从当前的第四代（4G）蜂窝技术向5G时代的过渡所面临的技术经济挑战，提出了一种新的高风险革命性方向来设计和实现预期的5G蜂窝网络。最终目标是探索在继续为用户提供足够的移动宽带体验的同时，以经济有效的方式应对1000倍容量挑战的潜力和可行性。具体来说，这项工作提出并设计了一种新颖的基于PON的HetNet移动回程RAN架构，该架构：1）全面解决了实现5G蜂窝技术所面临的关键技术经济障碍，特别是回程和信令挑战；和2），就我们所知，这是第一次实现了对高效突破性移动数据和信令卸载技术的支持，这大大提高了基于HetNet的RAN和LTE-A核心网络的性能（已演进符合3GPP标准的分组核心（EPC）），以确保更高效地使用核心网络设备，并缓和不断发展的5G信令增长并优化其影响。;为应对回程挑战，我们提出了一种具有成本效益的基于光纤的小型基站回传基础架构，该架构利用了与基于PON的光纤到节点/家庭（FTTN / FTTH）住宅接入网络相关的现有光纤和供电设施。由于共享了现有的宝贵光纤资产，因此所建议的基于PON的回程架构将小型小区与现有的FTTN远程终端（光网络单元（ONU））并置，比传统的点对点经济得多。 （PTP）光纤回程设计。这里使用完全分布式的基于环的EPON架构作为基于光纤的HetNet回程。与传统的4G LTE-A RAN相比，利用提议的基于PON的FTTx接入HetNet RAN架构的技术经济学优势将得到彻底检查和量化。特别，我们通过将其性能与传统的基于光纤的PTP回程体系结构的性能进行比较，从而量化了拟议的基于PON的HetNet回程的技术经济优势。支持的分布式控制平面使拟议中的基于PON的FTTx RAN体系结构能够支持几个关键的显着网络功能，这些特征显着增强了基于HetNet的RAN和4G LTE-A核心（EPC）的总体性能。基于光纤的PTP回程体系结构，包括切换能力，信令开销，整体网络吞吐量和延迟以及QoS支持。还将表明，所提出的基于HetNet的RAN架构不仅能够提供典型的宏小区卸载增益（RAN增益），而且还可以提供突破性的EPC卸载增益。仿真结果表明总体容量借助LTE-A先进的干扰管理技术，建议的HetNet的比例随着部署的小型小区的数量而扩展。例如，如果网络中的每个宏小区都有10个部署的室外小型小区，那么整个容量将比纯宏网络大约增加10-11倍的容量。为了达到1000倍的容量目标，需要在所有可能的场所（住宅和企业）在室内和室外部署包括3G，4G和WiFi（毫微微，微微，地铁，中继，远程无线电头，分布式天线系统）在内的众多小型小区。 ）。

著录项

  • 作者

    Hussain, Shahab.;

  • 作者单位

    City University of New York.;

  • 授予单位 City University of New York.;
  • 学科 Engineering Electronics and Electrical.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 164 p.
  • 总页数 164
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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