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首页> 外文学位 >The Effects of Resistance Exercise, Resistance Training, and a Multi-Ingredient High Caffeine Pre-Exercise Supplement on the p38 and ERK1/2 Cellular Signaling Proteins.
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The Effects of Resistance Exercise, Resistance Training, and a Multi-Ingredient High Caffeine Pre-Exercise Supplement on the p38 and ERK1/2 Cellular Signaling Proteins.

机译：抵抗运动，抵抗训练和多成分高咖啡因预锻炼补充剂对p38和ERK1 / 2细胞信号蛋白的影响。

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摘要

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs) have been implicated in cellular signal transduction leading to cellular growth and differentiation in skeletal muscle following exercise. This dissertation provides a review of the published literature describing the role and actions of the MAPK pathways particularly the ERK1/2 and p38 pathways in response to exercise and to nutritional supplements. Two separate but related investigations were conducted. The first sought to elucidate the effect of various permutations of acute resistance exercise programming using a high concentric velocity (high power) back squat exercise on the mitogen activated protein kinases ERK1/2 and p38. The second investigation examined the effect of 8 weeks of resistance training with and without a multi-ingredient caffeinated pre-workout supplement on the same two MAPK pathways (p38 and ERK1/2), and other performance variables. Taken together these two studies show the response of ERK1/2 and p38 to resistance exercise programing variables and resistance exercise training status. This information taken in light of the previous research has significant implications for strength and conditioning coaches, trainers, and therapists who are seeking to increase muscular strength and hypertrophy for any number of reasons.;RESEARCH ABSTRACT FOR STUDY 1.;PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of three different high power back squat protocols and the associated muscular power production on the MAPKs, ERK1/2 and p38. Power fatigue across sets was also considered METHODS: Nine recreationally trained males (21.4+/-1.67 years, 202.9+/-21.4 lbs.), completed each of three speed squat protocols in randomized order. The three testing protocols consisted of 5 sets of 10 repetitions at 30% of 1RM; 5 sets of 5 repetitions at 70% of 1RM; and 5 sets of 3 repetitions at 90% of 1RM. Average and peak power measurements were obtained by Tendo Weightlifting Analyzer for 7 of the subjects. Resting and post exercise blood lactate and muscle biopsies were taken. Western blot analysis was completed for ERK1/2 and p38 as well as their phosphorylaed counterparts. RESULTS: Blood lactate increased similarly between the three testing protocols. Analysis of power measures identified a significant main effect for load (F=10.23, p= 0.004), but not for set, p >0.05). The average power was lower for the 90% protocol than for the 30% protocol (F= 28.96, p<0.01). A significant interaction (F= 4.98, p< 0.001) was found differentiating the power production between the highest and lowest loads. This study did not show any increase in the ratio of ERK1/2 phosphorylation following exercise. And only a relative difference in 38 was found between the exercise protocols (F(2,16) = 5.514, p=0.015). CONCLUSIONS: Resistance load appears to affect power fatigue across five sets of resistance exercise. The heaviest load had the highest power fatigue, while the light and moderate loads did not show any evidence of power fatigue. The exercise modality, training status of the subjects, and/or the timing may account for the limited MAPK response to resistance exercise in this study.;RESEARCH ABSTRACT FOR STUDY 2.;PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the acute and training effects with and without a multi-ingredient high caffeine pre-workout supplement on squat and bench press power, vertical jump, and the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways (ERK1/2 and p38). METHODS: Twenty four of thirty physically active collegiate (19.5+/-0.269 yr) males completed this double blind placebo controlled investigation. Subjects in the Experimental group (EXP) (n=14) consumed a multi-ingredient, high caffeine (450mg) pre-exercise supplement 10-15 minutes before each training session. Subjects in the Control group (CON) (n=10) drank a non-caloric placebo at the same times. Both groups completed an eight week resistance training program (3days/wk). Squat and bench press power and vertical jump were measured before and after the 8 weeks of resistance training. Muscle biopsies were also taken before and after the first and last workouts of the training program. Separate repeated measures ANOVAs were performed to test for differences between EXP and CON groups for power as well as total, phosphorylated and the relative ratio of phosphorylated to total ERK1/2 and p38. RESULTS: Squat power measurements showed a significant group by time interaction (F(1/22) =4.857, p=0.038). Vertical Jump and bench press power did increase with training, but did not differ between groups. Not only did ERK phosphorylation and the ratio of phophorylation increase after exercise (F (1,22) = 4.854, p = 0.38; F(1,22) = 5.159, p=0.033) but there was evidence that the ERK1/2 exercise response was is reduced after weeks of training (F(1,22) = 6.607, p=0.017). P38 was increased following training, but there was no effect of exercise bout on the phosphorylation on p38 in this study. DISCUSSION: Only one of the three power measurements, squat power, was benefited by the supplementation. EXP group than the CON group, the supplement did not affect any ERK1/2 or p38 measures. Eight weeks of pre-workout supplementation may provide some muscle performance benefit when combined with resistance exercise training. This study supports previous findings that ERK1/2 phosphorylation following exercise is blunted by exercise training.
机译：丝裂原活化的蛋白激酶（MAPK）与细胞信号转导有关，导致运动后骨骼肌细胞生长和分化。本文综述了描述MAPK途径尤其是ERK1 / 2和p38途径对运动和营养补充剂的作用和作用的文献。进行了两个单独但相关的调查。第一个试图阐明使用高同心速度（高功率）后蹲运动对急性抵抗运动程序进行的各种排列对有丝分裂原活化的蛋白激酶ERK1 / 2和p38的影响。第二项研究检查了在有和没有多成分咖啡因的锻炼前补充剂的情况下进行8周抵抗训练对相同的两个MAPK途径（p38和ERK1 / 2）以及其他性能变量的影响。两项研究合在一起显示，ERK1 / 2和p38对抵抗运动编程变量和抵抗运动训练状态的反应。鉴于先前的研究而获得的这些信息对于由于各种原因而寻求增加肌肉力量和肥大的力量和条件教练，训练员和治疗师具有重要的意义。研究的摘要1.目的：这项研究旨在确定三种不同的高功率深蹲方案以及相关的肌肉力量产生对MAPK，ERK1 / 2和p38的影响。方法：9名接受过休闲训练的男性（21.4 +/- 1.67岁，202.9 +/- 21.4 lbs。），以随机顺序完成了三个速度下蹲方案中的每一个。这三种测试方案包括5组，每组10次重复，重复次数为1RM的30％。 5组，每组5次，重复1RM的70％；并以1RM的90％进行5组3次重复。通过Tendo举重分析仪对7位受试者进行了平均功率和峰值功率测量。休息和运动后进行血液乳酸和肌肉活检。对ERK1 / 2和p38及​​其磷酸化对应物的蛋白质印迹分析已完成。结果：在三个测试方案之间，血液中的乳酸含量相似地增加。功率测量的分析确定了对负载的显着主要影响（F = 10.23，p = 0.004），但对于设定值则没有，p> 0.05）。 90％方案的平均功率低于30％方案的平均功率（F = 28.96，p <0.01）。发现显着的相互作用（F = 4.98，p <0.001）使最高和最低负载之间的发电量有所区别。这项研究没有显示运动后ERK1 / 2磷酸化比率的任何增加。在运动方案之间仅发现38的相对差异（F（2,16）= 5.514，p = 0.015）。结论：阻力负荷似乎会影响五组阻力运动中的动力疲劳。最重的负载具有最高的功率疲劳，而轻负载和中等负载没有显示任何功率疲劳的迹象。运动方式，受试者的训练状态和/或时间安排可能是本研究中MAPK对抵抗运动的反应有限的原因；研究2的摘要：目的：本研究的目的是检查急性和急性含或不含多成分高咖啡因预锻炼补充剂对深蹲和卧推力量，垂直跳跃和促分裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）途径（ERK1 / 2和p38）的训练效果。方法：二十三分之二的体育活动大学生（19.5 +/- 0.269岁）男性完成了该双盲安慰剂对照研究。实验组（EXP）（n = 14）的受试者在每次训练前10-15分钟服用了多成分，高咖啡因（450mg）的运动前补充剂。对照组（CON）（n = 10）中的受试者同时喝了无热量的安慰剂。两组均完成了为期八周的抵抗力训练计划（每周3天）。在阻力训练的8周之前和之后，测量下蹲和卧推力量和垂直跳跃。在训练程序的第一次和最后一次锻炼之前和之后也进行了肌肉活检。进行了单独的重复测量方差分析，以测试EXP组和CON组之间的功率差异以及总磷酸化水平以及磷酸化与总ERK1 / 2和p38的相对比率。结果：下蹲力量测量显示出显着的时间相互作用群（F（1/22）= 4.857，p = 0.038）。垂直跳和卧推力量随着训练的增加而增加，但两组之间没有差异。运动后不仅ERK磷酸化和磷酸化比率增加（F（1,22）= 4.854，p = 0.38; F（1,22）= 5.159，p = 0.033），而且有证据表明ERK1 / 2运动训练几周后，反应降低（F（1,22）= 6.607，p = 0.017）。训练后P38升高，但这项研究对b38的磷酸化没有影响。讨论：补充功率仅使三个功率测量值之一（深蹲功率）受益。 EXP组比CON组的补充剂没有影响任何ERK1 / 2或p38措施。与抗阻运动训练相结合，锻炼前八周的补充可能会对肌肉性能有所帮助。这项研究支持以前的发现，即运动训练会使ERK1 / 2磷酸化减弱。

著录项

  • 作者

    Kudrna, Rebecca A.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Kansas.;

  • 授予单位 University of Kansas.;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Recreation.;Biology Physiology.;Biology Cell.;Health Sciences Pharmacy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 231 p.
  • 总页数 231
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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