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首页> 外文学位 >Environmental and Genetic Factors Affecting Antibiotic Resistance of Extended Spectrum beta-Lactamase Bacteria from the Rio Grande River in El Paso, TX and CD. Juarez, Mexico
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Environmental and Genetic Factors Affecting Antibiotic Resistance of Extended Spectrum beta-Lactamase Bacteria from the Rio Grande River in El Paso, TX and CD. Juarez, Mexico

机译：影响来自德克萨斯州埃尔帕索市和里约热内卢里奥格兰德河的超广谱β-内酰胺酶细菌耐药性的环境和遗传因素。墨西哥华雷斯

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摘要

Background: The Rio Grande River provides a major source of potable and agricultural water for the population of the Texas/Mexico border region. Cattle farming and ranching are the most prevalent activities, which may contribute to the microbial burden of pharmaceuticals into our state's water resources. Antibiotics, presumably released into the environment by discharges originating from waste-water treatment plants, septic disposal systems, animal feeding operations and urban runoff have a definite impact on the ecosystem and may contribute to an increase in antibiotic resistance. We hypothesized that waters of the Rio Grande River contained Multi Drug Resistant Organisms (MDRO) and mobile genetic elements. This could represent a serious public health concern for residents in the El Paso/Juarez, Mexico border. Human health consequences as a result of antimicrobial resistant bacteria may include: increased number of infections, increased frequency of treatment failure, increased severity of infections and increase health cost. Purpose: The main objective of this research study was to determine the presence of selected genetic antimicrobial biomarkers such as Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase genes (ESBL), mobile genetic elements, integrons (class I and class II), and to screen for Carbapenem Resistant (CRE) Enterobacteria in a 26 km segment of the Rio Grande River. Methods : Water and sediment samples were obtained from the Rio Grande River. DNA was extracted from both isolated bacteria and directly from water and sediment. Amplification of selected resistant biomarkers (TEM, SHV and CTX genes) and integrons (class I and II), was accomplished by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Screening for CRE bacteria was done by culture on CHROMagar Chromogenic Media. Results: Analysis of water samples (15) collected at five different time periods throughout the year showed that 73.3% contained ESBL genes and integrons. Among these, 60% were TEM and/or 46.7% were CTX-M. Integrons were identified in 11 water samples (73.3%). Also, a total of 310 xv bacterial isolates were recovered, from which 142 bacterial isolates were characterized as 18 different genera of bacteria. From these, 91 (64%) were resistant to at least 2 or more combinations of antibiotics and 105 (74%) were multi-resistant to more than 4 different antibiotics. 28 isolates were identified as Gram negative bacteria with multiple drug resistant patterns and therefore included in this study for the molecular analysis of ESBL genes. From these, 22 (78.6%) were positive for the presence of one or more ESBL and 11 (39.3%) were positive for CRE. TEM was identified as the most prevalent ESBL gene of resistance in both, water and bacterial isolates samples. Conclusions: To our knowledge, characterization of genes responsible for antibiotic resistance in the El Paso-Cd. Juarez region had never been performed previously. These findings may contribute to improve preventive measures and policies in the management of infectious diseases and our environment natural resources.
机译：背景：里奥格兰德河为得克萨斯州/墨西哥边境地区的居民提供了主要的饮用水和农业用水。牛的耕种和放牧是最普遍的活动，这可能会导致药品对微生物的负担增加到我们州的水资源中。抗生素可能是由废水处理厂，化粪池处理系统，动物饲养活动和城市径流产生的排放物释放到环境中的，对生态系统产生了确定的影响，并可能导致抗生素耐药性的增加。我们假设里约格兰德河的水域含有耐多药生物（MDRO）和流动遗传成分。对于墨西哥埃尔帕索/华雷斯市边界的居民来说，这可能代表着严重的公共卫生问题。抗菌素耐药菌对人类健康的影响可能包括：感染数量增加，治疗失败的频率增加，感染的严重性增加以及健康成本增加。目的：本研究的主要目的是确定存在的遗传抗微生物生物标志物，例如超广谱β内酰胺酶基因（ESBL），移动遗传元件，整合素（I类和II类），并筛选抗碳青霉烯类（ CRE）里奥格兰德河26公里处的肠杆菌。方法：从里奥格兰德河获得水和沉积物样品。从分离的细菌中以及直接从水和沉积物中提取DNA。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）完成了选定的抗性生物标记（TEM，SHV和CTX基因）和整联蛋白（I和II类）的扩增。通过在CHROMagar发色培养基上培养来筛选CRE细菌。结果：对全年五个不同时间段收集的水样本（15个）的分析表明，有73.3％的样本包含ESBL基因和整合素。其中，TEM为60％，CTX-M为46.7％。在11个水样中鉴定出了整合素（73.3％）。此外，共回收到310 xv细菌分离株，其中142个细菌分离株的特征是18种不同细菌。其中91例（64％）对至少2种或更多种抗生素有抗药性，105例（74％）对4种以上不同的抗生素有多药抗性。 28株分离株被鉴定为具有多种耐药模式的革兰氏阴性细菌，因此被纳入这项研究用于ESBL基因的分子分析。其中，一种或多种ESBL的阳性率为22（78.6％），而CRE阳性的为11（39.3％）。在水和细菌分离物样品中，TEM被确定为最普遍的耐药性ESBL基因。结论：据我们所知，El Paso-Cd中负责抗生素耐药性的基因的表征。华雷斯地区从未有过演出。这些发现可能有助于改善传染病和环境自然资源管理的预防措施和政策。

著录项

  • 作者

    Fuentes, Maria De Los Angeles.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Texas at El Paso.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Texas at El Paso.;
  • 学科 Environmental health.;Public health.;Molecular biology.
  • 学位 M.P.H.
  • 年度 2018
  • 页码 160 p.
  • 总页数 160
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 语言学;
  • 关键词

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