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首页> 外文学位 >Important mineralogical factors for fluid saturation, specific surface area and pore size distributions based on gas adsorption, cation exchange capacity and 2D dielectric microscopy: A case study of quartz phase porcelanites in the Miocene Monterey formation.
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Important mineralogical factors for fluid saturation, specific surface area and pore size distributions based on gas adsorption, cation exchange capacity and 2D dielectric microscopy: A case study of quartz phase porcelanites in the Miocene Monterey formation.

机译：基于气体吸附，阳离子交换能力和2D介电显微镜观察的流体饱和度，比表面积和孔径分布的重要矿物学因素：以中新世蒙特里地层石英相辉腾岩为例。

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摘要

The diagenetic processes and unique mineralogical composition of the Miocene Monterey formation have attracted scientists from a wide array of backgrounds endeavoring to resolve its deepest mysteries. While the formation has historically been an excellent source rock, sourcing many of the conventional reservoirs found in California, its diverse lithologies in conjunction with the presence of systematic natural fractures, also make it an effective reservoir. The complexities in formation evaluation stem from the formation's heterogeneous nature, being highly fractured, containing thin beds (multiple electrofacies), organic matter, interbedded carbonates, various clay types in a wide array of distributions, conductive minerals and possibly being fractionally-wet.;It is the primary scope of this study to investigate the impact of mineralogical complexity on oil and brine saturation distribution in quartz phase porcelanite core. The impact of mineralogical complexity on preferential fluid imbibition was investigated with spontaneous imbibition experiments using brine and mineral oil, and assessed with dielectric microscopy and QEMSCANRTM. A 2D high frequency dielectric scan of a porcelanite sample exposed to brine and mineral oil showed that carbonate rich layers imbibed more mineral oil than quartz rich areas. Quartz rich areas required higher porosity and/or microfractures to imbibe any mineral oil at all. It is conceivable that in the absence of connected fractures, dolomitic facies in the Monterey could have higher oil saturations than quartzitic facies. Furthermore, quartz phase porcelanites with some carbonate content can possibly be considered fractionally-wet, requiring lower expulsion pressures to imbibe the rock with hydrocarbons.;A secondary scope of this study was to investigate a suitable laboratory technique to characterize specific surface areas of porcelanite containing kerogen. Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) derived specific surface areas are an overestimate because of the reaction with the kerogen itself. Surface areas in this study were measured by nitrogen gas adsorption and compared to total specific surface areas derived from the EGME method. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) measurements were obtained for the same samples to develop a correlation between CEC and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) specific surface areas in quartz phase porcelanite. Pore size distributions were also obtained from nitrogen gas adsorption, and were used to investigate the controls of quartz and carbonate content on the pore structure of porcelanite.;The main conclusions from these various techniques on Miocene Monterey formation samples are: 1. Dielectric microscopy at high frequencies shows that carbonate rich layers have a high affinity for oil, while quartz rich matrix requires higher porosity and/or microfractures for oil imbibition 2. Total specific surface area (TSSA) of a kerogen-rich porcelanite sample can be quickly estimated with the BET surface area-CEC correlation developed in this study 3. Clay content and clay type seem to increase the micro and meso pore content (IUPAC), while carbonate content seems to increase the macro pore content (IUPAC).
机译：中新世蒙特雷组的成岩过程和独特的矿物学组成吸引了来自各种背景的科学家，他们致力于解决其最深层的奥秘。尽管该地层在历史上一直是极好的烃源岩，但它采购了加利福尼亚州发现的许多常规储层，但其多样的岩性以及系统性天然裂缝的存在也使其成为有效的储层。地层评价的复杂性源于地层的非均质性，其高度断裂，包含薄层（多个电相），有机质，层状碳酸盐，分布广泛的各种粘土类型，导电矿物以及可能是部分湿润的；本研究的主要范围是研究矿物学复杂性对石英相斜云母岩芯中油和盐水饱和度分布的影响。使用盐水和矿物油的自发吸收实验研究了矿物学复杂性对优先流体吸收的影响，并通过介电显微镜和QEMSCANRTM进行了评估。对暴露在盐水和矿物油中的硅藻土样品进行的2D高频介电扫描显示，富含碳酸盐的层比富含石英的区域吸收的矿物油更多。富含石英的区域需要更高的孔隙率和/或微裂缝才能吸收所有矿物油。可以想象，在没有连通裂缝的情况下，蒙特里的白云相可能比石英相具有更高的含油饱和度。此外，具有一定碳酸盐含量的石英相辉石可能被认为是部分湿润的，需要较低的排出压力才能吸收岩石中的碳氢化合物。;这项研究的第二个范围是研究一种合适的实验室技术来表征含有干酪根。乙二醇单甲醚（EGME）衍生的比表面积由于与干酪根本身的反应而被高估。本研究中的表面积通过氮气吸附测量，并与源自EGME方法的总比表面积进行了比较。对于相同的样品，获得了阳离子交换容量（CEC）的测量值，以建立CEC与石英相云杉石中的Brunauer-Emmet-Teller（BET）比表面积之间的相关性。还通过氮气吸附获得了孔径分布，并用于研究石英和碳酸盐含量对斜长石孔隙结构的控制。；这些技术对中新世蒙特雷地层样品的主要结论是：1.介电显微镜观察高频表明，富含碳酸盐的层对油具有很高的亲和力，而富含石英的基质需要较高的孔隙率和/或微裂缝才能吸收油。2。这项研究建立了BET表面积与CEC的相关性。3.粘土含量和粘土类型似乎增加了微孔和中孔含量（IUPAC），而碳酸盐含量似乎增加了大孔含量（IUPAC）。

著录项

  • 作者

    Godinez, Lemuel J.;

  • 作者单位

    Colorado School of Mines.;

  • 授予单位 Colorado School of Mines.;
  • 学科 Petroleum engineering.;Petroleum geology.;Petrology.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 154 p.
  • 总页数 154
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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