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Numerical Modeling of Tsunami Bore Attenuation and Extreme Hydrodynamic Impact Forces Using the SPH Method.

机译：使用SPH方法对海啸口径衰减和极端水动力冲击力进行数值模拟。

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摘要

Understanding the impact of coastal forests on the propagation of rapidly advancing onshore tsunami bores is difficult due to complexity of this phenomenon and the large amount of parameters which must be considered. The research presented in the thesis focuses on understanding the protective effect of the coastal forest on the forces generated by the tsunami and its ability to reduce the propagation and velocity of the incoming tsunami bore. Concern for this method of protecting the coast from tsunamis is based on the effectiveness of the forest and its ability to withstand the impact forces caused by both the bore and the debris carried along by it. The devastation caused by the tsunami has been investigated in recent examples such as the 2011 Tohoku Tsunami in Japan and the Indian Ocean Tsunami which occurred in 2004. This research examines the reduction of the spatial extent of the tsunami bore inundation and runup due to the presence of the coastal forest, and attempts to quantify the impact forces induced by the tsunami bores and debris impact on the structures.;This research work was performed using a numerical model based on the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method which is a single-phase three-dimensional model. The simulations performed in this study were separated into three sections. The first section focused on the reduction of the extent of the tsunami inundation and the magnitude of the bore velocity by the coastal forest. This section included the analysis of the hydrodynamic forces acting on the individual trees. The second section involved the numerical modeling of some of the physical laboratory experiments performed by researchers at the University of Ottawa, in cooperation with colleagues from the Ocean, Coastal and River Engineering Lab at the National Research Council, Ottawa, in an attempt to validate the movement and impact forces of floating driftwood on a column. The final section modeled the movement and impact of floating debris traveling through a large-scale model of a coastal forest.
机译：由于这种现象的复杂性以及必须考虑的大量参数，因此很难了解沿海森林对快速推进的海啸海口传播的影响。本文提出的研究重点是了解沿海森林对海啸产生力的保护作用及其减少海啸传入口的传播和速度的能力。这种保护海岸免受海啸侵袭的方法的关注点在于森林的有效性及其承受孔和碎屑所引起的冲击力的能力。在最近的例子中，例如在2011年的日本东北海啸和2004年发生的印度洋海啸中，已经对海啸造成的破坏进行了研究。该研究考察了由于海啸造成的海啸淹没和暴发的空间范围的减小。 ；并试图量化海啸钻孔和碎片撞击结构引起的冲击力。；本研究工作是基于基于光滑粒子流体力学（SPH）方法的单相数值模型进行的三维模型。在这项研究中进行的模拟分为三个部分。第一部分着重于减少沿海森林造成的海啸淹没程度和钻孔速度的幅度。本节包括对作用在单个树木上的水动力的分析。第二部分涉及渥太华大学研究人员与来自渥太华国家研究委员会海洋，沿海和河流工程实验室的同事合作进行的一些物理实验室实验的数值模拟，以试图验证浮木在圆柱上的运动和冲击力。最后一部分对通过沿海森林的大规模模型传播的漂浮物的运动和影响进行了建模。

著录项

  • 作者

    Piche, Steffanie.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Ottawa (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Ottawa (Canada).;
  • 学科 Engineering Civil.;Engineering General.;Plate Tectonics.
  • 学位 M.A.Sc.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 214 p.
  • 总页数 214
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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