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首页> 外文学位 >They kept the trains running: The U.S. Russian Railway Service Corps during Russia's civil war.
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They kept the trains running: The U.S. Russian Railway Service Corps during Russia's civil war.

机译：他们让火车保持运转：俄罗斯内战期间的美国俄罗斯铁路服务总队。

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摘要

President Woodrow Wilson in July 1918 opened a controversial chapter in United States diplomatic history when he ordered over 15,000 American military and civilian personnel in two groups to northwestern Russia and eastern Siberia. These American contingents joined an Allied invasion force of just over 100,000 men. A century later, most historians consider the Allied intervention into Russia's civil war to have been a failure. In this thesis, the author demonstrates that, against the backdrop of an overall failed Allied enterprise, one U.S. unit in particular carried out its specific mission effectively. The Russian Railway Service Corps, RRSC, consisted of former U.S. civilian railway workers who were organized into a military-style unit to operate railroads in support of Allied forces and of the Russian Provisional Government. U.S. forces operated railways somewhat differently in one American theater, as opposed to the other. In northwestern Russia, American Transportation Corps troops maintained the railways, but in Siberia, the RRSC carried out railway operations as well as maintenance. Both groups worked in harsh climatic conditions and in a confused political environment. Ultimately, the RRSC was obliged to cease work as much larger Bolshevik forces defeated and forced "White Russian" and Allied forces to fall back.;This study introduces the historical setting in which U.S. intervention took place; examines President Wilson's possible motives for making the decision to intervene; and analyzes how subsequent actions affected U.S., Allied, Russian and international affairs for most of the next century. This thesis also discusses a subsidiary issue concerning the RRSC. After RRSC members returned home and applied for U.S. veterans' benefits, the Army denied them those benefits. Those veterans, led by former Lieutenant Harry L. Hoskin, waged a hard-fought campaign to win recognition of their military service. Only in 1973 did the U.S. District Court, District of Columbia, finally grant these men an honorable military discharge, which each had earned over 55 years earlier.
机译：伍德罗·威尔逊总统（Woodrow Wilson）于1918年下令在美国外交史上展开有争议的篇章，命令他分两批向俄罗斯西北部和西伯利亚东部地区派遣15,000多名美国军事和文职人员。这些美国特遣队加入了盟军刚刚超过100,000人的入侵部队。一个世纪后，大多数历史学家认为盟军对俄罗斯内战的干预是一次失败。在这篇论文中，作者证明，在整个盟军企业倒闭的背景下，一个美国单位尤其有效地履行了其特定使命。俄罗斯铁路服务总公司（RRSC）由前美国民用铁路工人组成，他们被组织成一个军事风格的单位，以运营铁路以支持盟军和俄罗斯临时政府。美军在一个美国战区中对铁路的运营有些不同，与另一国相反。在俄罗斯西北部，美国运输兵部队维护了铁路，但是在西伯利亚，RRSC进行了铁路运营和维护。两组都在恶劣的气候条件和混乱的政治环境中工作。最终，RRSC被迫停止工作，因为更大的布尔什维克部队击败并迫使“白俄”和盟军撤退。；这项研究介绍了美国干预的历史背景；审查威尔逊总统做出干预决定的可能动机；并分析了后续行动如何影响下个世纪大部分时间的美国，盟国，俄罗斯和国际事务。本文还讨论了有关RRSC的一个附属问题。 RRSC成员返回家园并申请美国退伍军人福利后，陆军拒绝了这些福利。由前中尉哈里·霍斯金（Harry L. Hoskin）领导的那些退伍军人进行了艰苦的战役，以赢得对其服役的认可。直到1973年，哥伦比亚特区美国地方法院才最终授予这些人光荣的军事遣散，他们每人在55年前就已经获得了这种收入。

著录项

  • 作者

    Knotts, Kenneth Larry, Jr.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Nebraska at Omaha.;

  • 授予单位 University of Nebraska at Omaha.;
  • 学科 History United States.;History Russian and Soviet.;Transportation.
  • 学位 M.A.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 278 p.
  • 总页数 278
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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