• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文学位 >Does living in latino neighborhoods affect risk for obesity? Findings from a study of social capital and park availability in Los Angeles neighborhoods.
【24h】

Does living in latino neighborhoods affect risk for obesity? Findings from a study of social capital and park availability in Los Angeles neighborhoods.

机译：住在拉丁裔社区会影响肥胖风险吗？通过对洛杉矶社区的社会资本和公园可用性的研究得出的结果。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Social and physical features of the neighborhood environment may influence obesity risk for the general public, as well as, for specific ethnic minority groups such as Latinos. According to the ethnic enclave perspective, minority communities contain protective resources such as social capital, which can promote the exchange of information and enhance trust among residents. In turn, these social resources can encourage healthful diets and physical activity, which then reduces the likelihood of health problems such as obesity. At the same time, according to the residential segregation perspective, minority communities also face structural disadvantages including the limited availability of health promoting resources such as parks. A lack of neighborhood parks can reduce opportunities for physical activity and increase obesity risk. Accordingly, this dissertation investigated two features of Latino neighborhood environments in Los Angeles that may be related to obesity risk: social capital and park availability. First, I examined the relationship between Latino neighborhood composition and individual obesity risk among a sample of adults (n=2,919) using data from Wave 1 (2000-2001) of the Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Survey (L.A. FANS). I used multilevel regression analysis to model the relationship between neighborhood percent Latino and Body Mass Index (BMI) controlling for individual age, race/ethnicity, gender, nativity status, family income and education. To test the hypothesis that social capital may help explain the relationship between neighborhood percent Latino and obesity, I used multilevel mediation analysis. My analyses showed that Latino-concentrated neighborhoods were associated with higher BMI, but I found no support for the mediating role of social capital (e.g., social cohesion or group participation) in the neighborhood-obesity pathway. Second, I also examined differences in neighborhood-level park features using data from the Los Angeles County Location Management System (2010), a database of park location information for all Los Angeles County census tracts (n=2,258). I used zero-inflated negative binomial regression to model the number of park features as a function of Latino immigrant neighborhoods, controlling for percent black, percent Asian, percent living in poverty, total population, population density, land area, and attached housing. These data showed that there were fewer total park features available in Latino immigrant neighborhoods. Further, Latino immigrant neighborhoods had fewer natural park features such as campgrounds and hiking trails. Findings from this dissertation contribute to the emerging body of literature that suggests Latino neighborhoods may have obesogenic features. I find some support for the residential segregation perspective--Latino neighborhoods were associated with higher BMI, and social capital does not appear to attenuate this relationship. In addition, Latino immigrant neighborhoods had few park features. These findings are noteworthy because differences in neighborhood resources may contribute to the disproportionately high prevalence of obesity among Latinos. More research is required to explicate what role, if any, the neighborhood social environment plays in the relationship between Latino neighborhoods and obesity. In addition, future work should consider the connections between disparities in the availability of neighborhood resources such as parks, and disparities in physical activity and obesity.
机译：邻里环境的社会和自然特征可能会影响普通大众以及拉丁裔等特定少数族裔的肥胖风险。根据种族飞地的观点，少数民族社区包含社会资本等保护性资源，可以促进信息交流并增强居民之间的信任。反过来，这些社会资源可以鼓励健康的饮食和身体活动，从而减少诸如肥胖等健康问题的可能性。同时，根据居住区隔离的观点，少数族裔社区也面临结构性劣势，包括公园等健康促进资源的供应有限。社区公园的缺乏会减少体育锻炼的机会并增加肥胖风险。因此，本文研究了洛杉矶拉丁裔邻里环境的两个与肥胖风险有关的特征：社会资本和公园可利用性。首先，我使用来自洛杉矶家庭和邻里调查（L.A. FANS）的第一波（2000-2001）的数据，检查了拉丁裔邻里构成与成年成年人（n = 2919）个体肥胖风险之间的关系。我使用多级回归分析来建模拉丁裔邻国百分比与体重指数（BMI）之间的关系，以控制个体年龄，种族/民族，性​​别，出生状况，家庭收入和教育程度。为了检验社会资本可以帮助解释邻里拉丁裔百分比与肥胖之间关系的假设，我使用了多级中介分析。我的分析表明，拉丁裔聚居区与较高的BMI相关联，但我不支持社会资本在邻里肥胖途径中的中介作用（例如，社会凝聚力或群体参与）。其次，我还使用来自洛杉矶县位置管理系统（2010）的数据，研究了邻里级公园特征的差异，该数据是洛杉矶县所有人口普查区的公园位置信息数据库（n = 2,258）。我使用零膨胀的负二项式回归模型来模拟公园特征的数量作为拉丁美洲移民社区的函数，控制了黑人百分比，亚洲百分比，贫困人口百分比，总人口，人口密度，土地面积和附属住房。这些数据表明，拉丁裔移民社区中可用的公园总数较少。此外，拉丁裔移民社区的自然公园功能较少，例如露营地和远足径。这篇论文的发现有助于新兴的文学作品，表明拉丁裔社区可能具有致肥胖的特征。我发现对居民隔离的观点有一些支持-拉丁美洲人社区的BMI较高，而社会资本似乎并未削弱这种关系。此外，拉丁裔移民社区几乎没有公园特色。这些发现是值得注意的，因为邻里资源的差异可能导致拉丁美洲人中肥胖的比例过高。需要更多的研究来阐明邻里社会环境在拉丁裔邻里与肥胖之间的关系中所起的作用。此外，未来的工作应考虑到附近资源（如公园）的可用性差异与体育活动和肥胖症的差异之间的联系。

著录项

  • 作者

    Garcia, Jennifer.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Los Angeles.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Los Angeles.;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Public Health.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 141 p.
  • 总页数 141
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号