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How do organizations shape entrepreneurship? Explaining employee entrepreneurs' entry and performance.

机译：组织如何塑造企业家精神？解释员工企业家的进入和表现。

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My three-essay dissertation consists of three independent chapters that examine how two major institutions, organizations and family, shape entrepreneurship in Sweden. Viewing entrepreneurs as organizational products (Freeman 1986; Stinchcombe 1965), contextual accounts of entrepreneurship have theorized work environments as one of the most important settings explaining individuals' transitions to entrepreneurship (Sorensen and Fassiotto 2011; Sorensen 2007; Dobrev and Barnett 2005). Empirical findings have shown that the vast majority of entrepreneurs discover startup opportunities at their wage jobs in established organizations (Hellmann 2007; Klepper and Sleeper 2005; Agarwal et al. 2004; Klepper 2001). In addition to work environments, family is another social context in which most new businesses are founded. In post-industrial societies where profound social changes in labor market and employment have led to dramatic increases in dual-earner couples, family households have become increasingly important in shaping entrepreneurial processes (Western et al. 2008; Curtis 1986). Thus I examine the joint effects of work environments and family households on entrepreneurial processes - entrepreneurial entry and business outcomes.;The three chapters are organized as follows: In chapter one, I frame a contingent approach to social influence on entrepreneurship and empirically test the specifications about the contingencies. I first conceptualize entrepreneurship as a process of discovering and pursuing startup opportunities, I then theorize the conditions that amplify or reduce peer influence on entrepreneurship. In chapter two, I investigate the question of under what conditions spousal couples leave their wage jobs to become co-entrepreneurs. Whereas some spousal couples jointly create new business together, others may decide to have one person becoming an entrepreneur while the other person remaining employed in an established organization. Two theoretical models, one economic, the other sociological, have provided different explanations of the heterogeneity of spousal couples' joint entrepreneurial statues. I distinguish between the two competing theoretical accounts by investigating wives and husbands' transitions into entrepreneurship, taking into account their separate employment in the labor market and their joint household conditions. My results suggest that women's chances to become entrepreneurs are constrained by their limited access to entrepreneurial peers at workplaces. Meanwhile, the differential effects of work peers on men and women's exposures to information on and skills for creating startups are substantially moderated by family conditions. Three family conditions are particularly important: men's dominance in spousal relationships, the relative comparative advantage of spousal couples' earnings, and the presence of children in the households. In chapter three, I investigate how founders and their recruited employees jointly create new businesses, contingent on the founding context of new businesses. I argue that an important dimension of developing routines and delineating boundaries is manifest in entrepreneurs' selections of employees from their local labor markets (Scott 2008). Once recruited, employees join the founders to create new organizations and exert influences on organizations' structures and performances. Even though entrepreneurs largely follow the blueprints they learned from prior employer organizations to recruit employees, the effects of transferring routines may be contingent on the founding conditions surrounding the new businesses.
机译：我的三篇论文包括三个独立的章节，探讨了两个主要机构，组织和家族如何塑造瑞典的企业家精神。将企业家视为组织产品（Freeman 1986; Stinchcombe 1965），对企业家环境的描述已将理论上的工作环境作为解释个人向企业家转型的最重要条件之一（Sorensen和Fassiotto 2011; Sorensen 2007; Dobrev和Barnett 2005）。经验发现表明，绝大多数企业家在成熟的组织中通过发薪工作发现创业机会（Hellmann 2007； Klepper和Sleeper 2005； Agarwal等人2004； Klepper 2001）。除工作环境外，家庭是创建大多数新业务的另一种社交环境。在后工业社会中，劳动力市场和就业的深刻社会变化导致双职工夫妇急剧增加，家庭家庭在塑造创业过程中变得越来越重要（Western等，2008； Curtis，1986）。因此，我研究了工作环境和家庭家庭对创业过程的共同影响-创业进入和商业成果。三章的组成如下：在第一章中，我构建了一种对社会影响创业的偶然方法，并通过经验检验了规范关于意外情况。首先，我将企业家精神概念化为发现和追求创业机会的过程，然后我对扩大或减少同行对企业家精神影响的条件进行了理论化。在第二章中，我研究了在什么条件下配偶夫妇离开他们的有薪工作成为联合企业家的问题。某些夫妻共同创建新业务，而另一些夫妻可能决定让一个人成为企业家，而另一人则继续受雇于已建立的组织。两种理论模型，一种是经济学的模型，另一种是社会学的模型，对配偶共同创业雕像的异质性提供了不同的解释。我通过调查妻子和丈夫向企业家的过渡，并考虑了他们在劳动力市场的独立工作以及他们的共同家庭条件，来区分两种相互竞争的理论解释。我的结果表明，妇女成为企业家的机会受到她们在工作场所与企业家同龄人接触的机会的限制。同时，同龄人对男女接触创业公司信息和技能的影响也受到家庭条件的影响。三个家庭条件特别重要：男人在配偶关系中的优势地位，配偶夫妇收入的相对比较优势以及家庭中有子女的情况。在第三章中，我研究了创始人和他们的受雇雇员如何根据新企业的创建背景共同创建新企业。我认为，发展惯例和划定界限的一个重要方面体现在企业家从当地劳动力市场选择雇员的过程中（Scott 2008）。一旦被招募，员工就会与创始人一起创建新的组织，并对组织的结构和绩效施加影响。即使企业家在很大程度上遵循从先前的雇主组织学到的蓝图来招募员工，但调动例行工作的效果可能取决于新业务的创立条件。

著录项

  • 作者

    Yang, Tiantian.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;

  • 授予单位 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;
  • 学科 Organizational behavior.;Labor economics.;Entrepreneurship.;Social structure.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 154 p.
  • 总页数 154
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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