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Measurements of atomic beam velocities with phase choppers and precision measurements of alkali atomic polarizabilities.

机译:用相位斩波器测量原子束速度,并精确测量碱原子极化率。

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摘要

Atom interferometers, in which de Broglie waves are coherently split and recombined to make interference fringes, now serve as precision measurement tools for several quantities in physics. Examples include measurements of Newton's constant, the fine structure constant, van der Waals potentials, and atomic polarizabilities. To make next-generation measurements of static electric dipole atomic polarizabilities with an atom beam interferometer, I worked on new methods to precisely measure the velocity distribution for atom beams. I will explain how I developed and used phase choppers to measure lithium, sodium, potassium, and cesium atomic beam velocities with 0.07% accuracy. I also present new measurements of polarizability for these atoms. I classify systematic errors into two broad categories: (1) fractional errors that are similar for all different types of atoms in our experiments, and (2), errors that scale with de Broglie wavelength or inverse atomic momentum in our experiments. This distinction is important for estimating the uncertainty in our measurements of ratios of atomic polarizabilities, e.g., alpha Cs/alphaNa = 2.488(12).
机译:原子干涉仪(其中的德布罗意波被相干地分解并重组以产生干涉条纹)现在用作物理中多个量的精密测量工具。示例包括牛顿常数,精细结构常数,范德华势和原子极化率的测量。为了用原子束干涉仪对静电偶极子的原子极化率进行下一代测量,我研究了精确测量原子束速度分布的新方法。我将说明如何开发和使用相位斩波器以0.07%的精度测量锂,钠,钾和铯原子束的速度。我还介绍了这些原子极化率的新度量。我将系统误差分为两大类:(1)在我们的实验中对于所有不同类型的原子都相似的分数误差;(2)在我们的实验中,误差随德布罗意波长或逆原子动量成比例。这种区别对于估算我们的原子极化率比率的不确定性很重要,例如alpha Cs / alphaNa = 2.488(12)。

著录项

  • 作者

    Hromada, Ivan, Jr.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Arizona.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Arizona.;
  • 学科 Physics Atomic.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 125 p.
  • 总页数 125
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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