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首页> 外文学位 >Neoliberal Globalization, Natural Resource Dependency, and Income Inequality: Are They Related? A Longitudinal Study of Developing Countries (1980-2010).
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Neoliberal Globalization, Natural Resource Dependency, and Income Inequality: Are They Related? A Longitudinal Study of Developing Countries (1980-2010).

机译：新自由主义全球化，自然资源依赖和收入不平等：它们是否相关？发展中国家的纵向研究（1980-2010年）。

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摘要

Contrary to predominant neoliberal ideology that argued higher economic growth rates would eventually lead to better results in terms of income distribution, the last three decades witnessed high economic growth rates accompanied by rising income inequalities in most countries worldwide. Neoliberal globalization manifested itself in increased foreign direct investment, trade openness, and financialization facilitated by huge technological advancements, which greatly transformed and impacted world economies, particularly those in the developing world. Further, abundance of natural resources in some developing countries had severe implications on their economic growth and subsequent income inequality levels. This research examines the effects of neoliberal globalization, natural resource dependency, state-institutional factors alongside with the internal development model on income inequality in a set of 96 developing countries for the period 1980-2010.;Models for Prais-Winsten regressions with panel corrected standard errors show that the internal development model is crucial in determining countries' income inequality levels, in particular agriculture's share of gross domestic product and population growth rates. Further, foreign direct investment, financialization, and technological advancements are all positively associated with increasing income inequalities while trade exhibits a negative association. Natural resource dependency is also highly positively associated with increasing inequalities. Finally, government effectiveness in terms of government expenditure and institutional quality are inversely related with income inequality reflecting the important roles these entities play in mitigating income disparities.;More detailed analyses of specific geographical regions and countries with similar income levels reveal the following. First, the effect of increased access to secondary education has conflicting outcomes depending on both geographical regions and income levels. Second, foreign direct investment is positively associated with increasing income inequalities in all parts of the world except for the Middle East and North African region, where it is inversely related to income inequality. This finding exemplifies the importance of exploring how different types of FDI and natural resources might affect income inequality levels rather than their sheer magnitude sheer magnitude. Third, mineral-rich countries fare worse than their hydrocarbon-rich counterparts in terms of inequality levels. Future research needs to take into account these differences by being more context-specific as well as investigating how different types of foreign investment and natural resources might impact income inequality levels.
机译：与主要的新自由主义意识形态相反，后者认为较高的经济增长率最终将导致收入分配方面的更好结果，在过去的三十年中，全球大多数国家的经济增长率较高，同时收入差距日益扩大。新自由主义全球化表现为巨大的技术进步促进了外国直接投资的增加，贸易开放性和金融化，极大地改变和冲击了世界经济，特别是发展中国家的经济。此外，一些发展中国家丰富的自然资源对其经济增长和随后的收入不平等水平产生了严重影响。这项研究调查了1980至2010年期间一组96个发展中国家的新自由主义全球化，自然资源依赖，国家制度因素以及内部发展模型对收入不平等的影响;校正面板的Prais-Winsten回归模型标准差表明，内部发展模型对于确定各国的收入不平等水平至关重要，特别是农业在国内生产总值中的份额和人口增长率。此外，外国直接投资，金融化和技术进步都与收入不平等加剧正相关，而贸易则呈现负关联。自然资源依赖性也与不平等程度的增加高度正相关。最后，政府在政府支出和机构质量方面的效力与收入不平等成反比，反映了这些实体在减轻收入差距方面所起的重要作用。；对特定地理区域和收入水平相近的国家的更详细分析揭示了以下内容。首先，取决于地理区域和收入水平，增加接受中等教育的效果产生矛盾的结果。第二，外国直接投资与除中东和北非地区以外的世界其他地区收入不平等增长呈正相关，而中东和北非地区与收入不平等成反比。这一发现说明了探索不同类型的外国直接投资和自然资源如何影响收入不平等水平而不是其绝对数量的绝对重要性。第三，就不平等程度而言，富含矿物质的国家的表现要比其富含烃类的国家差。未来的研究需要考虑到这些差异，具体取决于具体情况，并调查不同类型的外国投资和自然资源可能如何影响收入不平等水平。

著录项

  • 作者

    ElGindi, Tamer Sherif.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Irvine.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Irvine.;
  • 学科 Public policy.;Sociology.;Economics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 199 p.
  • 总页数 199
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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