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首页> 外文学位 >An Examination of Executive Function, Stress, and Adolescent Attachment to Caregivers in a Social Neuroscience Model Using the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD).
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An Examination of Executive Function, Stress, and Adolescent Attachment to Caregivers in a Social Neuroscience Model Using the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD).

机译：使用国家儿童健康与人类发展研究所（NICHD）的早期幼儿和青年发展研究（SECCYD），在社会神经科学模型中检查执行功能，压力和青少年对照顾者的依恋。

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摘要

The goal of this study was to explore the relationship between stress and executive function (EF) in adolescence and to determine the extent to which the adolescent-caregiver attachment moderated the effects of stress on EF. EF are a set of meta-cognitive processes, including planning, that require coordinated neural activation in the prefrontal cortex and a number of other brain regions. Deficits in EF are associated with many mental health disorders. Large-scale, federally funded efforts are ongoing to understand more about EF and the brain.;Current adolescent brain research calls for further investigation of how regions coordinate in task-specific activities (Spear, 2010). The stress, or hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HPA), and attachment systems share underlying neural substrates that overlap with regions activated to perform EF. Adolescence is a sensitive period for changes in EF skills (Blakemore & Choudhury, 2006), the HPA axis (Romeo, 2011), and attachment (Allen, 2008). Therefore, this research was aimed at exploring how stress and attachment predict performance on an EF task in adolescence. Specifically, the researcher examined the extent to which attachment styles moderated the relationship between cortisol, a measure of HPA axis functioning, and performance on the Tower of London (TOL), a test of planning skills. The NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD) data were used to examine this overarching research question in a social neuroscience model.;While the TOL is one of the most frequently used measures of EF, its scoring methods vary across studies (Etnier & Change, 2009). Study 1 consisted of an exploratory factor analysis with data from 932 youth, and results supported a single factor model that best represented planning skills, which was consistent with the hypothesized structure based on an exploratory study with a small sample of college students (Berg, Byrd, McNamara, & Case, 2010). The factor score was then used as the criterion variable in Study 2, which included three moderated regression models that explored secure, preoccupied, and dismissing attachment styles. Though results suggested that cortisol and attachment were not predictive of planning in this sample, potential explanations for the lack of findings are proposed and recommendations for future research are included.
机译：这项研究的目的是探讨青春期压力与执行功能（EF）之间的关系，并确定青少年看护者依恋减轻压力对EF的影响的程度。 EF是一套包括计划在内的元认知过程，需要前额叶皮质和许多其他大脑区域的协调性神经激活。 EF缺乏症与许多精神疾病有关。正在进行由联邦政府资助的大规模努力，以更多地了解EF和大脑。当前的青少年大脑研究呼吁进一步研究各区域在特定任务活动中的协调方式（Spear，2010年）。应力或下丘脑-垂体轴（HPA）和附着系统共享与激活执行EF的区域重叠的基础神经基质。青春期是改变EF技能（Blakemore＆Choudhury，2006），HPA轴（Romeo，2011）和依恋（Allen，2008）的敏感时期。因此，本研究旨在探索压力和依恋如何预测青春期EF任务的表现。具体来说，研究人员研究了依恋风格在多大程度上缓和了皮质醇（一种HPA轴功能的度量）与伦敦塔（TOL）的性能之间的关系。 NICHD的幼儿保育和青少年发展研究（SECCYD）数据用于检验社会神经科学模型中的这一总体研究问题。;尽管TOL是EF的最常用衡量指标之一，但其评分方法因研究而异（ Etnier＆Change，2009年）。研究1由探索性因素分析与932名青年的数据组成，结果支持了一个最能代表计划技能的单因素模型，该模型与基于对一个大学生样本进行的探索性研究的假设结构相符（Berg，Byrd ，McNamara和Case，2010年）。然后，因子得分被用作研究2中的标准变量，其中包括三个适度的回归模型，这些模型探索了安全的，专心的和消除依恋风格。尽管结果表明皮质醇和附着物不能预测该样本的计划，但仍提出了缺乏发现的潜在解释，并包括了对未来研究的建议。

著录项

  • 作者

    Brown, Margaux Hanes.;

  • 作者单位

    The George Washington University.;

  • 授予单位 The George Washington University.;
  • 学科 Developmental psychology.;Neurosciences.;Counseling Psychology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 180 p.
  • 总页数 180
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:53:42

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