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Local Traditions, Community Building, and Cultural Adaptation in Reform Era Rural China.

机译：中国改革时代农村的地方传统，社区建设和文化适应。

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摘要

This dissertation examines the so-called revival of local traditions in reform-era China. It compares the different paths of adapting local traditions to market transitions and a changing political landscape. Three questions guide this study: 1) given state suppression of tradition, to what extent is power and society in localities still structured by traditional practices? 2) What determines how a particular community can provide support to individual members? 3) Does the cultural legacy of a community constrain how the community can respond to new situations? And how easily can a community reformulate the past to suit the present need?;This study argues that local communities have actively used traditional practices to build community strength and deal with a variety of community issues arising from changes in the political landscape and socio-economic situations. Traditional practices are not nostalgia, but are the base for collective action and social organization in rural communities. The revival of traditional practices constructs community identity, defines how one relates to others, and instructs how one experiences the group to which one belongs.;This study shows that the same sets of cultural practices and symbols with different arrangements can produce different degrees of community solidarity and strength. Variation on the use of traditional practices for building community in different localities is explained through an interactive model with a number of factors jointly shaping the community strength. These are the local legacy, the state, the new market economy, and interests of individual community members. These factors have different interactive relations in each local community, and result in different degrees of community strength.;This study adds to our understanding of reform era China in two particular aspects. The first is to demonstrate how the collective aspect of traditional practices has worked in rural communities. The second is to demystify the effectiveness of Chinese culture on economic development. My study does not treat Chinese culture as a holistic system. Rather, it shows that in economic behavior there is nothing essentially Chinese, such as using lineage or family networks. Cultural utility, such as strong and effective lineage networks, is a result of complex interaction among top-down state forces, the market, local culture, and individual interests, and cannot be duplicated simply out of functional utility and rational calculation.
机译：本文探讨了改革时代中国所谓的地方传统的复兴。它比较了使当地传统适应市场转变和不断变化的政治格局的不同途径。这项研究指导着三个问题：1）在国家对传统的压制下，地方的权力和社会在多大程度上仍由传统做法构成？ 2）是什么决定了特定社区如何向单个成员提供支持？ 3）社区的文化遗产是否限制了社区应对新情况的方式？社区如何轻松地改造过去以适应当前需求？；该研究认为，当地社区已积极利用传统做法来增强社区实力，并应对因政治形势和社会经济变化而引起的各种社区问题情况。传统习俗不是怀旧之情，而是农村社区集体行动和社会组织的基础。传统习俗的复兴构建了社区身份，定义了一种人与人之间的关系，并指示一种人如何体验一个人所属的群体。这项研究表明，同一套文化习俗和具有不同安排的符号可以产生不同程度的社区团结和力量。通过互动模型解释了使用传统做法在不同地区建立社区的各种方式，并结合了许多因素共同塑造了社区实力。这些是当地的遗产，国家，新的市场经济以及单个社区成员的利益。这些因素在每个地方社区具有不同的互动关系，并导致不同程度的社区实力。本研究从两个方面加深了我们对中国改革时代的理解。首先是证明传统做法的集体方面如何在农村社区发挥作用。第二是揭开中国文化对经济发展的影响的神秘感。我的研究并未将中国文化视为一个整体系统。相反，它表明，在经济行为中，基本上没有中国人，例如使用血统或家庭网络。文化效用，例如强大而有效的宗族网络，是自上而下的国家力量，市场，当地文化和个人利益之间复杂的相互作用的结果，不能简单地从功能效用和理性计算中复制出来。

著录项

  • 作者

    Wu, Hsin-Chao.;

  • 作者单位

    Harvard University.;

  • 授予单位 Harvard University.;
  • 学科 Ethnic studies.;Asian studies.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 266 p.
  • 总页数 266
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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