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Mechanical, Rheological and Thermal Properties of Polyethylene (PE)/Clay Nanocomposite for Rotomolded Containers

机译：滚塑容器用聚乙烯/粘土纳米复合材料的机械，流变和热性能

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摘要

Polyethylene (PE) is widely used to make bulk containers via rotational molding process. Adding 2 wt % and 4 wt % organo-modified clay improved the thermal, barrier and mechanical properties of PE. Clay layers create a tortuous path against the permeant, yielding better barrier properties. Due to the non-polar hydrophobic nature of PE and polar hydrophilic structure of clay minerals, a compatibilizer (PE-g-Maleic Anhydride) was required to enhance the dispersion level of clay in the matrix. In this study High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) layered silicate nanocomposites were melt-compounded with two concentrations of organo-modified clay (2 and 4 weight %). The interaction between nanoclay, compatibilizer and rotomolding grade of PE were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), mechanical and rheological tests. The XRD results revealed an enhanced basal spacing of layered silicates within both LLDPE nanocomposites at low nanoclay loadings, in agreement with the TEM observations; TEM images showed a uniformly dispersed layered silicates. Through thermal and rheological characterization techniques, the results illustrated that the thermal resistance, elastic and viscous modulus of nanocomposites improved significantly with incorporation of layered silicates. Analyzing all the data showed enhanced properties of LLDPE nanocomposites, which can be attributed to a strong interfacial interaction between the compatibilizer with LLDPE backbone and LLDPE matrices compared with HDPE matrices. The influence of in-house organo-modification of layered silicates on the properties of nanocomposites was compared to that of nanocomposites prepared with commercially available nanoclay (Cloisite 20A). LLDPE nanocomposites prepared by the in-house organo-modified clay showed better mechanical properties, elastic and viscous modulus due to good dispersion of layered silicates as determined by the XRD patterns. In addition, the complex viscosity measurements and sintering experiments allowed us to obtain a general understanding of the behavior of pure PE and nanocomposites at low shear rate processing conditions. The results showed only a modest decrease in sintering rate of LLDPE (8555)/clay nanocomposites which is ascribed to an enhanced miscibility and interaction of the nanocomposite components. Thus, processing times for LLDPE/clay nanocomposites should be comparable to pure LLDPE.
机译：聚乙烯（PE）广泛用于通过滚塑工艺制造散装容器。添加2wt％和4wt％的有机改性粘土改善了PE的热，阻隔和机械性能。粘土层对渗透液形成曲折路径，从而产生更好的阻隔性能。由于PE的非极性疏水性质和粘土矿物的极性亲水结构，因此需要增容剂（PE-g-马来酸酐）来提高粘土在基质中的分散度。在这项研究中，将高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）和线性低密度聚乙烯（LLDPE）层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料与两种浓度的有机改性粘土（2和4重量％）熔融混合。使用X射线衍射（XRD），透射电子显微镜（TEM），力学和流变学测试检查了纳米粘土，增容剂和滚塑等级之间的相互作用。 X射线衍射结果表明，在低纳米粘土载荷下，两种LLDPE纳米复合材料中层状硅酸盐的基础间距都增加了，这与TEM观察结果一致。 TEM图像显示出均匀分散的层状硅酸盐。通过热和流变学表征技术，结果表明，随着层状硅酸盐的掺入，纳米复合材料的耐热性，弹性和粘弹性模量显着提高。分析所有数据表明，LLDPE纳米复合材料的性能增强，这可归因于与HDPE基质相比，具有LLDPE骨架的增容剂与LLDPE基质之间的界面相互作用强。将层状硅酸盐的内部有机改性对纳米复合材料性能的影响与使用市售纳米粘土（Cloisite 20A）制备的纳米复合材料的影响进行了比较。内部的有机改性粘土制备的LLDPE纳米复合材料具有更好的机械性能，弹性模量和粘性模量，这是由于X射线衍射图确定的层状硅酸盐的良好分散性。此外，复杂的粘度测量和烧结实验使我们对纯PE和纳米复合材料在低剪切速率加工条件下的行为有了基本了解。结果表明，LLDPE（8555）/粘土纳米复合材料的烧结速率仅适度降低，这归因于纳米复合材料组分的混溶性和相互作用增强。因此，LLDPE /粘土纳米复合材料的处理时间应与纯LLDPE相当。

著录项

  • 作者

    Jamshidi, Shadi.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Calgary (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Calgary (Canada).;
  • 学科 Chemical engineering.;Nanotechnology.;Plastics.
  • 学位 M.Eng.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 121 p.
  • 总页数 121
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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