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Characterization of essential ligand properties in palladium catalyzed cross coupling of alkyls using density functional theory.

机译:使用密度泛函理论表征钯催化的烷基交叉偶联中的基本配体性质。

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摘要

Palladium catalyzed cross coupling reactions are one of the most utilized synthetic method(s) in carbon-carbon bond formation. But this synthetic method is problematic for alkyl reactants, due in part to undesirable beta-hydride elimination side reaction. This work aims at understanding the mechanistic aspects of alkyl cross coupling and the role of ligand in suppressing this undesired side reaction. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations suggest that the rate of beta-hydride elimination depends on relative stabilities of agostic stereo-isomers. The stability of agostic Pd complexes are dictated by the mutual electronic trans influences of ligands and their steric properties. Both sigma and pi effects contribute to the ligand's trans influencing ability. Steric effects modulate the extent of trans influence(s) and preferentially stabilize cis isomer(s). This interplay of trans influence and steric effect gives some proposed "design rules" on ligand choices in alkyl couplings. Selectivity is also increased when ligands/reactants have hemilabile properties. These results motivate rational design of improved alkyl cross coupling catalysts.
机译:钯催化的交叉偶联反应是碳-碳键形成中最常用的合成方法之一。但是这种合成方法对于烷基反应物是有问题的,部分是由于不希望的β-氢化物消除副反应。这项工作旨在了解烷基交叉偶联的机理和配体在抑制这种不良副反应中的作用。密度泛函理论(DFT)的计算表明,β-氢化物消除的速率取决于有害立体异构体的相对稳定性。有害Pd配合物的稳定性取决于配体及其空间特性的相互电子反式影响。 σ和pi效应都有助于配体的反式影响能力。立体效应调节反式影响的程度并优先稳定顺式异构体。反式影响和空间效应的相互作用为烷基偶联中的配体选择提供了一些建议的“设计规则”。当配体/反应物具有半不稳定性质时,选择性也增加。这些结果促使改进的烷基交联催化剂的合理设计。

著录项

  • 作者

    Pudasaini, Bimal.;

  • 作者单位

    Texas Christian University.;

  • 授予单位 Texas Christian University.;
  • 学科 Chemistry Physical.;Chemistry Organic.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 477 p.
  • 总页数 477
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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