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White-tailed deer population dynamics as influenced by deer density and nutrition in southern Texas.

机译：受得克萨斯州南部鹿密度和营养影响的白尾鹿种群动态。

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摘要

Optimum management of white-tailed deer herds is important to many stake-holders in south Texas. My objectives were to analyze white-tailed deer population dynamics as influenced by deer density and nutrition, model the population dynamics on simulated 20.2 km2 pastures in order to analyze the effects on trophy buck (Boone and Crockett score > 160) production, and compare population estimate techniques. Three target densities were analyzed with enhanced nutrition provided to half the populations. Enhanced nutrition had a positive effect (P ≤ 0.05) on all demographics analyzed except yearling antler growth. Density dependence was displayed in the indigenous nutrition enclosures as mature deer body mass decreased with increase in density from medium to high (F2,5 = 3,88, P = 0.01). Population growth rate (lambda), Fawn:doe ratios, fawn and yearling growth rate, fawn survival, and adult survival did not display density dependence. Trends in population growth rate (lambda) indicated a weak density-dependent relationship and both enhanced and indigenous nutrition populations displayed a constant growth rate over the range of densities analyzed with a 30% higher lambda population growth rate in the enhanced nutrition treatments. When modeling the population dynamics in the enhanced nutrition pastures, there was a direct relationship between density and number of trophy bucks produced. In the indigenous nutrition pastures, the medium density produced the most trophy bucks. For estimation of bucks, all methods analyzed were accurate within 1 buck. When estimating female deer, timing of survey had no affect on accuracy (F3,216 = 0.07, P = 0.55), whereas estimates of fawns was more accurate in January than in September when using the modified Jacobson technique (F1,108 = 61.2, P < 0.001). In south Texas's highly variable nutritive environment, monitoring for a decrease in mature deer body mass was the first indicator of density-dependence available to managers. Nutrition is clearly limiting in the south Texas landscape, as improving the nutritive state with enhanced nutrition resulted in improved performance in individual deer and their population dynamics.
机译：白尾鹿群的最佳管理对德克萨斯州南部的许多利益相关者至关重要。我的目标是分析受鹿密度和营养影响的白尾鹿种群动态，在模拟的20.2 km2牧场上模拟种群动态，以分析对奖杯的影响（Boone和Crockett得分> 160），并比较种群估算技术。分析了三个目标密度，为一半的人口提供了增强的营养。营养增强对一岁鹿角生长除外的所有人口统计学都有积极影响（P≤0.05）。密度依赖性在本地营养围栏中显示，随着密度从中到高的增加，成熟的鹿体重降低（F2,5 = 3,88，P = 0.01）。人口增长率（lambda），小鹿与母鹿的比率，小鹿和一岁的增长率，小鹿存活率和成年存活率均未显示出密度依赖性。人口增长率（lambda）的趋势表明，密度依赖性关系较弱，增强和本地营养人群在所分析的密度范围内均显示出恒定的增长率，增强营养处理中的lambda人口增长率高出30％。当模拟增强型营养牧场的种群动态时，密度与所生产奖杯的数量之间存在直接关系。在本土的营养牧场中，中等密度的牲畜最多。为了估算收益，所有分析的方法均在1美元之内准确。估算母鹿时，调查时间对准确性没有影响（F3,216 = 0.07，P = 0.55），而使用改良的Jacobson技术（F1,108 = 61.2， P <0.001）。在得克萨斯州南部充满营养的环境中，监测成熟鹿体重的减少是管理者可获得的密度依赖性的第一个指标。在得克萨斯州南部地区，营养显然受到限制，因为通过增强营养来改善营养状况会改善个体鹿的性能及其种群动态。

著录项

  • 作者

    Cook, Nathan S.;

  • 作者单位

    Texas A&M University - Kingsville.;

  • 授予单位 Texas A&M University - Kingsville.;
  • 学科 Wildlife management.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 128 p.
  • 总页数 128
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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