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Enhancing the structure and performance of P3HT/PC70BM polymer solar cells with n-dodecylthiol.

机译：使用正十二烷基硫醇增强P3HT / PC70BM聚合物太阳能电池的结构和性能。

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摘要

Polymer solar cells (PSCs) have attracted much attention because of their low cost, high flexibility, lightweight, and large surface area compared to long-established silicon solar cells. In most cases, bulk heterojunction type solar cells (BHJ) use a phase-separated blend of organic electron donor and acceptor components, where a conductive polymer is the donor and a fullerene derivative is the acceptor. To achieve high performance BHJ-type PSCs, the electron-donating conjugated polymer needs to be strong absorbent of a wide range of solar light waves and possess good hole mobility. This results in short-circuit current (Jsc) and/or open-circuit voltage (Voc) at their optimum values.;In this research, n-dodecylthiol (0-5% vol.) was added to P3HT/PC70BM polymer solution to improve the crystallinity of P3HT and enhance the P3HT/PC70BM phase separation. Higher P3HT crystallinity reduces the amount of PCBM dissolved in the amorphous regions of P3HT, thus promoting the aggregation of PC70BM, which contributes to PC70BM/P3HT phase separation. Adding 2% n-dodecylthiol to the active layer resulted in forming the smallest polymer crystallites size L, which was nearly 11.2 nm at optimum annealing conditions at (150°C for 30 min in a vacuum atmosphere). The smaller crystallite size suggests a shorter path of the charge carriers between P3HT backbones, which increases the short circuit current (Jsc) and decreases the open circuit voltage (Voc) in the solar cells.;UV-Vis and EQE analysis showed enhancement of self-organization ability, which led to improved P3HT crystallinity and intensified phase separation of P3HT/PC70BM in polymer films. EQE increased due to enhanced hole and electron polaron mobility with n-dodecylthiol. AFM images showed increased surface roughness with adding n-dodecylthiol, yielding more spaces for P3HT crystallites to form, and hence resulting in higher crystallinity. DLS analysis of P3HT:PC70BM:n-dodecylthiol dissolved in chlorobenzene solution showed an increase of aggregate size by adding n-dodecylthiol; which confirms the SEM images. This also shows that n-dodecylthiol does not enhance the dispersion of P3HT:BC70BM in the chlorobenzene solution. Also, it shows that the more n-dodecylthiol is added, the more aggregation will be formed. In addition, increasing mixing time and temperature improves the mixing process and results in smaller aggregates.;Kinetics of cold crystallinity for P3HT:PC70BM using Avrami model showed an overall increase in crystallization rate (1/t0.5) with increasing the annealing temperature. The increase in phase separation balancing for exciton dissociation and charge transport and collection resulted in a 33% increase in solar cell efficiency when the volume fraction of n-dodecylthiol is 2%. The enhancement of cell performance after thermal annealing deteriorated at temperatures higher than 150 °C.
机译：与历史悠久的硅太阳能电池相比，聚合物太阳能电池（PSC）由于其低成本，高柔韧性，轻巧和大表面积而备受关注。在大多数情况下，体异质结型太阳能电池（BHJ）使用有机电子给体和受体组分的相分离混合物，其中导电聚合物为施主，富勒烯衍生物为受体。为了获得高性能的BHJ型PSC，给电子共轭聚合物必须具有很强的吸收能力，可以吸收各种太阳光，并具有良好的空穴迁移率。这导致短路电流（Jsc）和/或开路电压（Voc）处于最佳值。在本研究中，将正十二烷基硫醇（0-5％体积）添加到P3HT / PC70BM聚合物溶液中，改善P3HT的结晶度并增强P3HT / PC70BM相分离。较高的P3HT结晶度可减少溶解在P3HT非晶区中的PCBM数量，从而促进PC70BM的聚集，这有助于PC70BM / P3HT相分离。向活性层中添加2％正十二烷基硫醇导致形成最小的聚合物微晶尺寸L，在最佳退火条件下（在150°C的真空环境中30分钟），其微晶尺寸L将近11.2 nm。较小的微晶尺寸表明P3HT主干之间的电荷载流子路径较短，这会增加太阳能电池中的短路电流（Jsc）并降低开路电压（Voc）.; UV-Vis和EQE分析表明自增强-有机化能力，导致聚合物膜中P3HT结晶度的提高和P3HT / PC70BM相分离的增强。 EQE增加是由于正十二烷基硫醇增强了空穴和电子极化子的迁移率。 AFM图像显示，添加正十二烷基硫醇会增加表面粗糙度，从而为P3HT晶体形成提供更多空间，从而导致更高的结晶度。溶解在氯苯溶液中的P3HT：PC70BM：n-十二烷基硫醇的DLS分析表明，加入正十二烷基硫醇会增加聚集体的大小；这证实了SEM图像。这也表明正十二烷基硫醇不会增强P3HT：BC70BM在氯苯溶液中的分散性。同样，它表明加入的正十二烷基硫醇越多，形成的聚集越多。另外，增加混合时间和温度改善了混合过程并导致了较小的聚集体。使用Avrami模型的P3HT：PC70BM的冷结晶动力学表明，随着退火温度的升高，结晶速率总体提高（1 / t0.5）。当正十二烷基硫醇的体积分数为2％时，激子离解以及电荷传输和收集的相分离平衡增加，导致太阳能电池效率提高33％。热退火后电池性能的增强在高于150°C的温度下会变差。

著录项

  • 作者

    Algazzar, Mahmoud Ismail.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee.;
  • 学科 Engineering Materials Science.;Chemistry Polymer.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 157 p.
  • 总页数 157
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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