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Monitoring and modeling sediment and organic carbon loads from the dryland cropping region of the inland pacific northwest.

机译：监测和建模西北内陆太平洋旱地种植区的沉积物和有机碳负荷。

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摘要

Mitigation strategies to minimize the loss of soil carbon require a fundamental understanding of the dominant hydrologic flow paths, which drive runoff generation, soil erosion, and ultimately the quantity and quality of carbon exported from a landscape. The variation in climate across the Inland Pacific Northwest has resulted in unique agroecosystems, which in turn has affected long term carbon storage and transport. In this study we quantified temporal and spatial hydrologic carbon fluxes at three watershed scales (∼10 ha, ∼5,000 ha and ∼900,000 ha) and under two tillage practices (conventional and no-till). Additionally we tested the ability of the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model to simulate present and future field scale variability in runoff and soil carbon erosion from a ~10 ha field catchment managed under conventional tillage practices. Samples were collected on an event basis for water years 2012 and 2013 using automated ISCO samplers at all locations. Samples were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), and suspended sediment concentrations (SSC). Results indicate that (DOC) concentrations did not significantly vary with discharge at all sampling locations but DOC concentrations were two times greater from the no-till catchment while total organic carbon loads were 97% less than thoes observed at the conventional till catchment. Future climate predictions with the WEPP model indicate that sediment and loads will be equivalent to historic levels (>20 Mg ha-1) and slightly higher than current rates for runoff and carbon. Understanding the variability in hydrology as well as the trends in carbon export is an essential first step in the development of carbon budgets and full scale cropping models capable of evaluating precision-based carbon loss mitigation strategies.
机译：为最大程度减少土壤碳损失的缓解策略，需要对主要的水文流动路径有基本的了解，这会导致径流的产生，土壤侵蚀，并最终导致景观中碳的输出量和质量。西北内陆太平洋地区的气候变化导致了独特的农业生态系统，进而影响了长期的碳储存和运输。在这项研究中，我们在三个分水岭规模（〜10公顷，〜5,000公顷和〜900,000公顷）和两种耕作方式（常规耕作和免耕耕作）下量化了时空水文碳通量。此外，我们测试了水蚀预测项目（WEPP）模型在常规耕作实践下模拟约10公顷田间集水区模拟径流和土壤碳侵蚀当前和未来田间规模变化的能力。使用自动ISCO采样器在所有地点按事件收集2012年和2013年水域的样本。分析样品的溶解有机碳（DOC），颗粒有机碳（POC）和悬浮沉淀物浓度（SSC）。结果表明（DOC）浓度在所有采样地点的排放量均没有显着变化，但DOC浓度是免耕流域的两倍，而总有机碳负荷却比常规耕作流域少约97％。 WEPP模型对未来的气候预测表明，沉积物和负荷将等于历史水平（> 20 Mg ha-1），并且略高于当前的径流和碳排放速率。了解水文学的可变性以及碳出口的趋势是碳预算和能够评估基于精度的碳损失缓解策略的全面种植模型发展中至关重要的第一步。

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  • 作者

    Boylan, Ryan.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Idaho.;

  • 授予单位 University of Idaho.;
  • 学科 Chemistry Biochemistry.;Hydrology.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 164 p.
  • 总页数 164
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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