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首页> 外文学位 >The farmers' millennium: The ideology of agricultural improvement in Iowa, 1855 to 1865.
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The farmers' millennium: The ideology of agricultural improvement in Iowa, 1855 to 1865.

机译：农民的千年：爱荷华州1855年至1865年的农业改良思想。

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摘要

The Morrill Act of 1862, a piece of federal legislation enacted a century and a half ago, lives on today. That law allocated thousands of acres of federal land to state governments, based on the size of their congressional delegations, so they could establish colleges of agriculture and the mechanic arts and give a college education, liberal and practical, to students who could not otherwise afford one. The Morrill Act lives on because the "land-grant colleges" it endowed with financial resources still exist today, operating on billion-dollar budgets and enrolling tens of thousands of students. Further, at least at Iowa State University, each incoming president's in-augural address has involved an explanation of the land-grant idea.;In the past three decades, that explanation has devolved from the broad view, held for a century, that land-grant colleges should prepare their students to be productive economically and politically, that they should educate them to be competent engineers and agriculturists as well as civic-minded people capable of acting not just in someone's private interest, but in their commu-nity's - their polity's - public interest. The latest presidents of Iowa State have, since the 1980s, put forward an explanation of the land-grant idea that places economic values, rather than politi-cal values, at the center of the university's existence. The work of historians of agriculture and the land-grant colleges has not been much better, the former paying little attention to the land-grant colleges and the latter more often than not failing to see the larger context in which the col-leges were created and have existed.;This thesis investigates the ideology that played a role in Iowa State University's creation in the late 1850s and early 1860s as the Iowa State Agricultural College and Model Farm. In the mid- to late 1850s, acting out of a concern for declining soil fertility (or the potential for it), the Iowa State Agricultural Society formulated an ideology of sustainable land use, scientific inves-tigation of farming techniques, and the equal dignity of labor (agricultural and mechanical work) with the more esteemed professions. The Society turned to a number of educational institutions, including annual fairs, agricultural periodicals, seed distribution programs by the federal govern-ment, township-level farmers' clubs, the state geological survey, and the state agricultural college, chartered in 1858, before the Morrill Act's passage. The author undertook this thesis because he believes that, if Iowa State's administration are going to invoke the history of the Morrill Act to rationalize their actions, they ought to know what that history is.
机译：1862年以前颁布的一部联邦法律，即1862年的《莫里尔法案》（Morrill Act）一直沿用至今。该法律根据国会代表的人数分配了数千英亩的联邦土地给州政府，这样他们就可以建立农业和机械艺术学院，并为那些负担不起的学生提供自由和实践的大学教育一。 《莫里尔法》之所以能继续存在，是因为它拥有财政资源的“赠地大学”今天仍然存在，其预算高达数十亿美元，并招收了成千上万的学生。此外，至少在爱荷华州立大学，每位新任总统的就职演说都涉及对土地赠予思想的解释。;在过去的三十年中，这种解释是从一个世纪以来对土地的广泛看法产生的拨款的大学应该为学生做好经济和政治上的生产力的准备，他们应该教育他们成为合格的工程师和农业学家以及具有公民心的人，他们不仅能够为某人的私人利益服务，而且还能为他们的社区（他们的社区）政治-公共利益。自1980年代以来，爱荷华州州长的新任总统对土地赠予的思想提出了一种解释，这种思想把经济价值而非政治价值置于大学生存的中心。农业历史学家和赠地学院的工作并没有取得多大进步，前者对赠款学院的关注很少，而后者则常常没有看到创建大学的更大背景。本论文调查了在1850年代末和1860年代初作为爱荷华州立农业学院和样板农场在爱荷华州立大学的创建中发挥了作用的意识形态。在1850年代中期至后期，出于对土壤肥力下降（或潜力）的担忧，爱荷华州农业协会制定了可持续土地利用意识形态，科学研究耕作技术和平等尊严的思想较受人尊敬的职业（农业和机械工作）。该学会求助于许多教育机构，包括年度博览会，农业期刊，联邦政府的种子分发计划，乡镇农民俱乐部，州地质调查局和1858年特许的州农业学院。 《莫里尔法案》的通过。作者之所以发表此论文，是因为他相信，如果爱荷华州政府要引用《莫里尔法》的历史来合理化其行动，他们应该知道那是什么历史。

著录项

  • 作者

    Belding, Michael M., III.;

  • 作者单位

    Iowa State University.;

  • 授予单位 Iowa State University.;
  • 学科 American history.;Agriculture.;Education history.;Agricultural education.
  • 学位 M.A.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 175 p.
  • 总页数 175
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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