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首页> 外文学位 >Characterising four cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (l.) walp.) Mozambican landraces deposited in a seed bank for drought tolerance.
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Characterising four cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (l.) walp.) Mozambican landraces deposited in a seed bank for drought tolerance.

机译：表征四个four豆（Vigna unguiculata（l。）海带）。莫桑比克地方种在种子库中存放，用于耐旱。

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摘要

owpea production is severely affected by environmental stress factors, particularly drought. More drought-tolerant crops are therefore urgently required for future improvement of food production in Mozambique. To increase high productivity and sustainability of cowpea there is a need to establish an active local breeding program, this should also include screening and characterisation of germplasm to select for more drought-tolerant cowpea landraces. This study has been therefore conducted in a temperature-controlled greenhouse at the University of Pretoria and in an open-sided tunnel house in Mozambique. The overall aim of the research work was to identify the most drought-tolerant cowpea landrace currently deposited in the Mozambican gene bank. Results of this study showed that tested Mozambican cowpea landraces have a different degree of drought tolerance with one Mozambican cowpea landrace, Timbawene moteado, better performing under drought conditions. In particular, plants of this landrace had more vigorous growth better overcoming a drought period with fast recovery and re-growth after drought exposure. Plants also maintained high rates of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation when exposed to drought and used better assimilated carbon to generate biomass than the other tested cowpea landraces. Protein and chlorophyll degradation was further less affected and had only a slight increase in proteolytic activity under drought with the proline content significantly increasing under drought. In contrast, plants of the landrace Massava nhassenje were the most drought-sensitive plants with low water-use efficiency and low CO2 assimilation as well as the lowest shoot biomass accumulation and high protease activity under drought. This study has overall demonstrated that the Mozambican cowpea germplasm deposited in the seed bank is diverse and contains characteristics that could be useful for a national breeding program. Shoot biomass, were thereby valuable traits which could be easily measured in Mozambique in a tunnel house experiment. This study might serve as a basis to screen a greater number of landraces to identify a greater number of landraces as useful additions in an active local cowpea breeding program.
机译：owpea的生产受到环境压力因素（尤其是干旱）的严重影响。因此，迫切需要更多的耐旱作物，以进一步改善莫桑比克的粮食生产。为了提高of豆的高生产率和可持续性，有必要建立一个积极的地方育种计划，其中还应包括对种质进行筛选和鉴定，以选择更耐旱的cow豆地方品种。因此，这项研究是在比勒陀利亚大学的温控温室和莫桑比克的敞开式隧道房屋中进行的。研究工作的总体目标是确定目前存放在莫桑比克基因库中的最耐旱的cow豆地方品种。这项研究的结果表明，经过测试的莫桑比克pea豆地方品种与一种莫桑比克cow豆地方品种Timbawene moteado具有不同程度的耐旱性，在干旱条件下表现更好。特别是，这种地方品种的植物具有更好的生长力，可以更好地克服干旱，并在干旱暴露后能够快速恢复和重新生长。与干旱的其他cow豆地方品种相比，植物在遭受干旱时还保持了较高的光合作用CO2同化率，并使用了更好的同化碳来产生生物量。蛋白质和叶绿素的降解受到的影响较小，干旱条件下的蛋白水解活性仅略有增加，而脯氨酸含量在干旱条件下则明显增加。相比之下，地方品种马萨瓦（Massava nhassenje）的植物是最干旱敏感的植物，其水分利用效率低，CO2同化率低，并且干旱条件下芽生物量积累最低，蛋白酶活性较高。这项研究总体证明，存放在种子库中的莫桑比克cow豆种质多样，并且具有可用于国家育种计划的特征。因此，枝条生物量是宝贵的性状，可以在莫桑比克通过隧道试验轻松地进行测量。这项研究可以作为筛选更多地方品种的基础，以识别更多地方品种作为活跃的本地cow豆育种计划的有用补充。

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  • 作者

    Martins, Celia Marilia.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Pretoria (South Africa).;

  • 授予单位 University of Pretoria (South Africa).;
  • 学科 Plant sciences.;South African studies.;Agriculture.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 160 p.
  • 总页数 160
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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