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首页> 外文学位 >The Effects of Growth Manipulation and Subsequent Interventions on Development and Metabolic Outcomes in a Rat Model of Postnatal Growth Restriction.
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The Effects of Growth Manipulation and Subsequent Interventions on Development and Metabolic Outcomes in a Rat Model of Postnatal Growth Restriction.

机译：在出生后生长受限的大鼠模型中，生长操纵和后续干预对发育和代谢结果的影响。

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摘要

There is a widespread appreciation that several diseases and disorders in adulthood are related to growth and nutrition during early life. Premature infants, defined as those born before 37 weeks of gestation, are at greater risk for short and long-term complications, and considerable attention has been given to their development. Though survival of the preterm infant has increased steadily over the past decade, the rate of neurodevelopmental problems remains high. Catch-up growth has been associated with improved developmental outcomes, but there are also concerns about the development of metabolic syndrome and its associated morbidities. We have utilized a rat model to examine the consequences of different patterns of postnatal growth on development and metabolic outcomes. We show that postnatal growth restriction, despite catch-up growth, may predispose poor cognition.;The actions of the hormone leptin may also be of particular importance during early life. Leptin is a hormone that regulates feeding behavior and energy expenditure, and recently has been suggested to also play a role in brain development during the prenatal and neonatal periods. Postnatal growth restriction is associated with lower serum leptin in human preterm infants, and we demonstrate the same in our rodent model. We show that administration of exogenous leptin during the neonatal period reverses cognitive impairment and improves memory and learning in growth-restricted rats, without adverse effects on growth or glucose metabolism. Additionally, leptin antagonist worsens cognition in rats that do not experience growth restriction.;The pursuit for optimal nutrition and growth of the preterm infant continues to be a challenge. This model and findings merit further investigation, and may serve to improve our care and management of preterm infants.
机译：人们普遍认识到，成年后的几种疾病和失调与生命早期的生长和营养有关。早产婴儿定义为妊娠37周之前出生的婴儿，其短期和长期并发症的风险更高，并且已经对其发育给予了极大的关注。尽管早产儿的存活率在过去十年中一直稳定增长，但是神经发育问题的发生率仍然很高。追赶性增长与发育结果的改善有关，但也存在对代谢综合征及其相关发病率的担忧。我们已经使用大鼠模型来检查产后不同生长方式对发育和代谢结果的影响。我们表明，尽管追赶性增长，但出生后的生长受限可能会导致不良的认知能力。瘦素激素的作用在生命早期也可能特别重要。瘦素是一种调节喂养行为和能量消耗的激素，最近已被证明在产前和新生儿期间也可在大脑发育中发挥作用。产后生长受限与人类早产儿血清瘦素水平降低有关，我们在啮齿动物模型中也证明了这一点。我们表明，在新生儿期给予外源瘦素可逆转认知障碍，并改善生长受限大鼠的记忆力和学习能力，而对生长或葡萄糖代谢无不利影响。另外，瘦素拮抗剂使未经历生长限制的大鼠的认知变差。追求最佳营养和早产婴儿的生长仍然是一个挑战。该模型和发现值得进一步研究，可能有助于改善我们对早产儿的护理和管理。

著录项

  • 作者

    Alexeev, Erica Ebanks.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Davis.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Davis.;
  • 学科 Nutrition.;Neurosciences.;Obstetrics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 98 p.
  • 总页数 98
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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