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首页> 外文学位 >Sexual orientation in state hate crime laws: The interplay of social construction and public policy.
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Sexual orientation in state hate crime laws: The interplay of social construction and public policy.

机译：国家仇恨犯罪法律中的性取向：社会建设与公共政策的相互作用。

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摘要

Hate crimes are an identified social problem caused by bias and prejudice against certain social groups and societal responses to them are important to understand because of the unique damage that bias-motivated crimes cause to victims and communities. Previous studies identified factors involved with the diffusion and differentiation of state hate crime laws. The timing of legal adoption and the strength of interest groups have been identified as key variables that determine the form and content of state hate crime laws, but studies to date have failed to fully explain the wide variation of bias categories. The addition of sexual orientation as a bias category is a specific area of concern because crimes against gays and lesbians often are more violent than other hate crimes and are sometimes committed by law enforcement personnel. Only 30 of the 45 states that specifically criminalize hate or bias-motivated violence include sexual orientation as a protected category. This dissertation explores the social construction of gays and lesbians in a sample of six states in order to help explain the differentiation in state hate crime laws. Gays and lesbians continue to be viewed as deviant, which often prevents them from gaining hate crime protections. Furthermore, existing research fails to address the impact of hate crime laws on included social groups. Thus, two research questions are asked: 1) Is the social construction of gays and lesbians related to the inclusion or exclusion of sexual orientation as a bias category in state hate crime law? 2) Does the addition of sexual orientation to a state hate crime law impact the social construction of gays and lesbians in that state? Data are drawn from a sample of 12 daily newspapers. Content analysis determines the social construction of gays and lesbians in each state. Categorical and time series analyses are used to test the hypotheses. Results indicate that a positive dependent construction is associated with target groups included in state hate crime protections and that inclusion fails to have a positive impact upon their construction. One implication is that additional hate crime laws and bias categories may be unnecessary.
机译：仇恨犯罪是一个公认的社会问题，是由对某些社会群体的偏见和偏见引起的，因此，对社会的反应很重要，因为偏见动机的犯罪对受害者和社区造成的独特损害非常重要。先前的研究确定了与国家仇恨犯罪法律的传播和分化有关的因素。法律采用的时间和利益集团的实力已被确定为决定国家仇恨犯罪法律的形式和内容的关键变量，但是迄今为止的研究未能完全解释偏见类别的广泛差异。将性取向作为偏见类别是一个值得关注的特殊领域，因为针对同性恋者的犯罪通常比其他仇恨犯罪更为暴力，有时是由执法人员实施的。在45个州中，专门将仇恨或偏见性暴力定为犯罪的州中，只有30个州将性取向列为受保护的类别。本文从六个州的样本中探讨了同性恋者的社会建构，以帮助解释州仇恨犯罪法的区别。男女同性恋继续被视为越轨行为，这常常使他们无法获得仇恨犯罪保护。此外，现有研究未能解决仇恨犯罪法律对包括在内的社会群体的影响。因此，提出了两个研究问题：1）男女同性恋者的社会结构是否与将性取向作为国家仇恨犯罪法中的偏见类别有关？ 2）在州仇恨犯罪法中增加性取向是否会影响该州男女同性恋者的社会建设？数据取自12家日报的样本。内容分析确定每个州男女同性恋者的社会结构。分类和时间序列分析用于检验假设。结果表明，积极的依从性建构与国家仇恨犯罪保护中包括的目标群体有关，而包容性对其建构没有正面影响。一种含义是可能不需要其他仇恨犯罪法律和偏见类别。

著录项

  • 作者

    Valcore, Laura E.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Colorado at Denver.;

  • 授予单位 University of Colorado at Denver.;
  • 学科 Sociology Public and Social Welfare.;Sociology General.;GLBT Studies.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2014
  • 页码 148 p.
  • 总页数 148
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 石油、天然气工业;
  • 关键词

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