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The Effects of Sleep Deprivation and Poor Sleep Quality on Emotional Empathy: The Behavioral and Neural Mechanisms in Healthy Controls

机译：睡眠剥夺和睡眠质量差对情绪移情的影响：健康对照中的行为和神经机制。

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摘要

This dissertation describes a series of experiments exploring the intricate relationship between sleep and Emotional Empathy, i.e., the ability to understand someone else's emotions through vicarious sharing. First, I used a sleep deprivation protocol, in which sleep quality was experimentally manipulated, to test the hypothesis that sleep deprivation negatively affects the Emotional Empathy of healthy individuals (Chapter 3). The findings of this study revealed a blunting of Emotional Empathy responses across all valences for participants in the sleep deprivation group compared to participants in the control groups. I then tested the hypothesis that sleep quality accounts for variability in individuals' empathic responses by looking at effects of natural occurring changes in sleep quality on Emotional Empathy (Chapter 4). In this study, I collected subjective (questionnaires) and objective (actigraphy) measures of sleep and used a sophisticated statistical analysis to reduce the number of collected sleep variables and generate independent factors that were then entered into a series of stepwise regressions. The results of this study showed that the subjective sleep quality factor best explained participants' Emotional Empathy responses to negative images compared to neutral, while the total sleep duration factor best explained overall Empathy scores. Finally, to test the hypothesis of a modulatory role of sleep quality on the neural activity of areas identified as components of the Emotional Empathy network, I conducted a Region of Interest (ROI) analysis, and measured Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) signal change while participants performed an Emotional Empathy task. In addition, I tested the effects of sleep quality on the task based functional connectivity between the selected ROIs. The data revealed decreased BOLD signal change in a selective region within the left anterior insula for individuals with poor subjective sleep quality together with increased functional connectivity between subcomponents of the anterior insula, indicating lower functional specialization. Overall, these studies suggest a detrimental effect of poor sleep quality on Emotional Empathy and its underlying neural mechanisms. These findings could benefit individuals affected by sleep disorders but also bring insight on the importance of considering sleep loss in daily life as a detrimental factor when planning work schedules.
机译：本论文描述了一系列探索睡眠与情绪移情之间复杂关系的实验，即通过替代性分享理解他人情绪的能力。首先，我使用了一种睡眠剥夺协议，该协议通过实验来控制睡眠质量，以检验睡眠剥夺会对健康个体的情感移情产生负面影响的假设（第3章）。这项研究的结果表明，与对照组相比，睡眠剥夺组参与者在所有价态上的情感移情反应均减弱。然后，我通过观察睡眠质量自然发生的变化对情绪移情的影响，检验了睡眠质量解释了个体共情反应的变化性的假设（第4章）。在这项研究中，我收集了主观（问卷）和客观（书法）的睡眠量度，并使用了复杂的统计分析来减少收集的睡眠变量的数量并生成独立的因素，然后将其输入一系列逐步回归中。这项研究的结果表明，与中性相比，主观睡眠质量因子可以最好地解释参与者对负面图像的情感移情反应，而总睡眠时间因子可以最好地解释整体移情得分。最后，为了检验睡眠质量对被识别为情感移情网络组成部分的区域神经活动的调节作用的假设，我进行了关注区域（ROI）分析，并测量了血氧水平依赖性（BOLD）信号变化而参与者则执行了情感移情任务。此外，我测试了睡眠质量对所选ROI之间基于任务的功能连接的影响。数据显示，对于主观睡眠质量较差的个体，左前岛内选择性区域内的BOLD信号变化减少，并且前岛下各个子组件之间的功能连接性增加，表明功能专长较低。总体而言，这些研究表明，睡眠质量差对情绪移情及其潜在的神经机制有不利影响。这些发现可以使受睡眠障碍影响的人受益，但也可以使他们了解在计划工作时间表时将日常生活中的睡眠不足视为有害因素的重要性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Guadagni, Veronica.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Calgary (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Calgary (Canada).;
  • 学科 Psychology.;Experimental psychology.;Physiological psychology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2017
  • 页码 184 p.
  • 总页数 184
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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