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Advanced Failure Analysis in Geomaterials: Application to Reservoir Geomechanics

机译：土工材料中的高级失效分析：在储层地质力学中的应用

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摘要

The manifestation of failure in geomaterials and its proper analysis are constitutive aspects that geotechnical engineers are faced with routinely in design. In most instances, geostructures are examined at the ultimate plastic state where failure is deemed to occur along a slip surface where plastic deformations localize. This plasticity condition is classically analyzed with the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. However, other forms of failure also exist where the localization of deformations is totally absent such as in the case of static liquefaction. This distinct mode has been coined as 'diffuse failure' which has the peculiarity of occurring at stress levels well below the plastic limit, thus rendering a classic Mohr-Coulomb analysis insufficient. Hence, the signature of failure in geomaterials seems to be directly related to two principal modes by which it is manifested: one with localized slips, and another variant where deformations are diffused without any localization phenomena.;In order to address the many subtle features of failure, a clear mathematical representation of the underlying physical phenomena is needed. In this thesis, failure is considered as an instability of homogeneous deformations, and as such the observed failure mode is a direct result of the underlying constitutive equations admitting bifurcations in solutions for the material response. Different failure criteria are derived, serving as failure indicators which signal the various modes that emerge during loading history following a certain hierarchy.;To translate theory into engineering practice, the thesis endeavors to apply the above mathematical aspects of failure in the study of geomaterials undergoing multiphasic flow and thermal transport such as in the extraction of heavy oil from an oilsand reservoir in Alberta, Canada. Governing equations describing the physics of all phases (solid, water, gas and oil) involved are formulated within mixture theory using continuum mechanics principles. A special computational strategy is adopted to solve efficiently the coupled system of equations using both finite elements and finite differences. Finally, the developed computational model is tested in the context of an actual oil field case study implicating steam injection and oil production in an oilsand reservoir in Alberta, Canada. To close the loop, attention is obviously focused on material failure concepts developed in the first part of the thesis. Geomechanical properties that enter the computational model are obtained from a separate comprehensive laboratory testing of shales and oilsands at high temperature and pressure.
机译：岩土材料失效的表现及其适当的分析是岩土工程师在设计中常规面临的构成性方面。在大多数情况下，在最终塑性状态下检查地质结构，在该状态下，认为塑性变形发生在沿滑动表面发生破坏的位置。用Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则经典地分析了这种可塑性条件。但是，还存在其他形式的破坏，其中完全没有变形的局部性，例如在静态液化的情况下。这种独特的模式被称为“扩散破坏”，它具有在远低于塑性极限的应力水平下发生的特殊性，因此使经典的Mohr-Coulomb分析不足。因此，土工材料的破坏特征似乎直接与两种主要模式有关：一种是局部滑移，另一种是变形分散而没有任何局部现象的变体。失败时，需要对潜在物理现象进行清晰的数学表示。在本文中，破坏被认为是均匀变形的不稳定性，因此，观察到的破坏模式是基础本构方程的直接结果，该方程允许分叉出现在材料响应中。推导了不同的失效准则，作为失效指标，指示了在一定的层次结构下加载历史过程中出现的各种模式。为了将理论转化为工程实践，本文力求将上述失效的数学方面应用到土工材料的研究中。多相流和热传输，例如从加拿大艾伯塔省的油砂储层中提取重油。在混合理论中，使用连续力学原理，可以描述描述所涉及的所有相（固体，水，天然气和石油）物理的控制方程。采用一种特殊的计算策略可以有效地使用有限元和有限差分来求解方程组。最后，在涉及加拿大阿尔伯塔省油砂储层中蒸汽注入和采油的实际油田案例研究的背景下测试了开发的计算模型。为了闭合循环，显然将注意力集中在论文第一部分中提出的材料破坏概念上。进入计算模型的地质力学性质是通过在高温和高压下对页岩和油砂进行单独的综合实验室测试获得的。

著录项

  • 作者

    Gong, Xu.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Calgary (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Calgary (Canada).;
  • 学科 Civil engineering.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2017
  • 页码 315 p.
  • 总页数 315
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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