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首页> 外文学位 >Microbial Source Tracking in Coastal Recreational Waters of Southern Maine: Relationships Between Enterococci, Environmental Factors, Potential Pathogens, and Fecal Sources
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Microbial Source Tracking in Coastal Recreational Waters of Southern Maine: Relationships Between Enterococci, Environmental Factors, Potential Pathogens, and Fecal Sources

机译：缅因州南部沿海休闲水域微生物源跟踪：肠球菌，环境因素，潜在病原体和粪便来源之间的关系。

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摘要

Coastal water quality has been an issue for centuries. Fecal pollution of these waters represents a significant public health concern, as a variety of fecal sources can harbor human pathogens that range from bacteria and viruses to protozoa. Anthropogenic activities have exacerbated water quality through development such as housing, sewage infrastructure, and agriculture have increased fecal pollution sources and transport pathways, ultimately leading to increased pollution loading at the coast. For decades, federal, state and local municipalities have been using fecal indicator organisms to assess coastal water quality to assess public health risks. This thesis focuses on key factors that may influence enterococci concentrations, the fecal indicator for coastal recreational waters, and its relationship to fecal-borne bacterial pathogens to better understand its effectiveness as an indicator of public risk from fecal pollution. Results presented here come from three field sampling studies conducted during 2015--2016 where a combination of applied and basic research objectives were explored. Significant findings indicate that concentrations of enterococci are influenced predominantly by particle-associated enterococci and mammal fecal source concentrations across freshwater and estuary/marine environments. Other ecosystem-specific characteristics, such as sediment and freshwater transport, are also significant factors under some conditions. The relationship between fecal contamination and potential pathogens is water-type and location specific, with storm water having the highest detection of fecal potential pathogens across a diverse data set. Moreover, bird feces represent a significant source of fecal-potential pathogens, as this fecal source significantly correlated to fecal potential pathogen abundance. Overall, the results highlight the dynamic nature of enterococci as a fecal indicator across different ecosystems. Ultimately, concentrations observed in the water are reflective of a combination of factors where potential health significance is location and water-type specific.
机译：几个世纪以来，沿海水质一直是一个问题。这些水的粪便污染代表着重大的公共卫生问题，因为各种各样的粪便来源可能蕴藏着从细菌，病毒到原生动物的人类病原体。人为活动通过住房，排污基础设施和农业等发展加剧了水质，粪便污染源和运输途径增多，最终导致沿海地区污染负荷增加。几十年来，联邦，州和地方市政当局一直在使用粪便指示生物来评估沿海水质，以评估公共卫生风险。本文着眼于可能影响肠球菌浓度，沿海休闲水的粪便指标及其与粪便细菌病原体的关系的关键因素，以更好地理解其作为粪便污染引起公众风险的指标的有效性。本文介绍的结果来自2015--2016年进行的三项现场抽样研究，探讨了应用和基础研究目标的组合。重要发现表明，在淡水和河口/海洋环境中，肠球菌的浓度主要受颗粒相关肠球菌和哺乳动物粪便源浓度的影响。在某些条件下，其他特定于生态系统的特征，如沉积物和淡水运输，也是重要因素。粪便污染与潜在病原体之间的关系取决于水的类型和位置，在各种数据集中，雨水对粪便潜在病原体的检测率最高。此外，鸟粪代表了粪便潜在病原体的重要来源，因为这种粪便来源与粪便潜在病原体的丰度显着相关。总体而言，结果突出了肠球菌在不同生态系统中作为粪便指标的动态性质。最终，在水中观察到的浓度反映了多种因素的组合，在这些因素中，潜在的健康意义是位置和特定于水的类型。

著录项

  • 作者

    Rothenheber, Derek.;

  • 作者单位

    University of New Hampshire.;

  • 授予单位 University of New Hampshire.;
  • 学科 Microbiology.;Public health.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2017
  • 页码 126 p.
  • 总页数 126
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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