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Influence of Tides and Mesoscale Eddies in the Ross Sea

机译：潮汐和中尺度涡旋在罗斯海的影响

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摘要

The Ross Sea is the most biologically productive region in the Southern Ocean. Primary production is controlled by dissolved iron (dFe), a limiting micronutrient. The main focus of this thesis, motivated by the PRISM-RS project, is to investigate how tides and mesoscale eddies affect the pathways of dFe to the surface ocean.;A regional ocean model with four hindcast simulations are used. Tidal forcing is added to simulations and mesoscale eddies are resolved by changing the horizontal grid resolution from 5 to 1.5 km. Simulations cover 1.5 years, ending at the time of the PRISM-RS cruise in early 2012. An extended 20 year simulation provides an estimate of model variability and significance. The model is validated using hydrographic data from the PRISM-RS cruise and climatological values of water mass volumes. Compared to observations, simulations show a salinity offset at depth, that can be attributed to freshening of the Ross Sea in recent years. The model represents water mass volumes well, but has a reduced amount of Ice Shelf Water. Analysis of eddy formation in the model indicates that the weak stratification produces small and short-lived mesoscale eddies in the Ross Sea. The increased resolution approximately doubles the number of eddies seen in one year of simulation and significantly increases the baroclinic eddy kinetic energy.;The effect of tidal forcing on sea ice is investigated using a new method to extract a diurnal signal from satellite swath data. In the northwest corner of the Ross Sea continental shelf, strong tidal divergence causes the sea ice to decrease by 20% in winter. Simulation results show a strong heat flux that generates sea ice during spring tide conditions.;The supply of dFe in simulations is calculated using four passive tracer dyes representing sources of dFe: sea ice, glacial ice, Circumpolar Deep Water, and benthic supply. The simulation without tides at 5 km resolution estimates the total supply of dFe to the surface at 6.63 micromol per meter squared per year. Tides increase this by 20%, eddies decrease it by 15%, and the net change from both is not significant. Spatially, the pattern of dFe supply varies significantly between all simulations.
机译：罗斯海是南部海洋中生物产量最高的地区。初级生产由有限的微量营养元素溶解的铁（dFe）控制。本论文的主要重点是在PRISM-RS项目的推动下，研究潮汐和中尺度涡旋如何影响dFe进入表层海洋的路径。；使用具有四个后预报模拟的区域海洋模型。将潮汐强迫添加到模拟中，并通过将水平网格分辨率从5 km更改为1.5 km来解决中尺度涡旋。仿真历时1.5年，于2012年初PRISM-RS巡航时结束。延长的20年仿真提供了模型变异性和重要性的估计。使用来自PRISM-RS航行的水文数据和水量体积的气候学值对模型进行了验证。与观测值相比，模拟结果显示，盐度在深度上有所偏移，这可以归因于近年来罗斯海的新鲜化。该模型很好地表示了水量，但是冰架水的数量减少了。对模型中涡流形成的分析表明，弱分层在罗斯海产生了小且短寿命的中尺度涡。提高的分辨率大约使模拟一年中看到的涡流数量增加一倍，并显着增加斜压涡流动能。在罗斯海大陆架的西北角，强烈的潮差使冬季的海冰减少了20％。仿真结果显示出在春季潮汐条件下会产生海冰的强大热通量。仿真中的dFe的供应是使用代表dFe的四种被动示踪染料进行计算的：海冰，冰川冰，环极深水和底栖生物供应。在5 km分辨率下没有潮汐的模拟估计，每年向地面供应的dFe总量为6.63微摩尔每平方米。潮汐将其增加20％，涡流将其减少15％，两者的净变化都不显着。在空间上，所有模拟之间的dFe供给模式都有很大的不同。

著录项

  • 作者

    Mack, Stefanie Lynn.;

  • 作者单位

    Old Dominion University.;

  • 授予单位 Old Dominion University.;
  • 学科 Physical oceanography.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2017
  • 页码 146 p.
  • 总页数 146
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 古生物学;
  • 关键词

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