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Experimental design, data analysis, and modeling for characterizing the three-dimensional acoustic field of a seismic airgun array.

机译：实验设计，数据分析和建模，用于表征地震气枪阵列的三维声场。

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In June 2003, the Littoral Acoustic Demonstration Center conducted an acoustic characterization experiment for a standard seismic exploration array. Two moorings with Environmental Acoustic Recording Systems (EARS) were deployed in the northern part of the Gulf of Mexico to measure ambient noise and collect shot information. A 21-element seismic airgun array was towed along five parallel linear tracks with horizontal closest approach points to the EARS buoy position of 63, 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 m. Calibrated acoustic pressure measurements collected during the experiment were analyzed to obtain zero-to-peak sound pressures, sound exposure levels, and pressure levels in 1/3-octave frequency bands. In addition, the experimental data were modeled by using a modified underwater acoustic propagation model to fill in missing data measurements. The resulting modeling procedure showed good agreement between measured and modeled data in absolute pressure amplitudes and frequency interference patterns for frequencies up to 1000 Hz. The analysis is important for investigating the potential impact on marine mammals and fish and predicting the exposure levels for newly planned seismic surveys in other geographic areas.;Based on results of the experiment conducted and data analysis performed, a new experimental design was proposed to maximize the amount of collected data using the available equipment while minimizing the time needed for the source ship. The design used three patches, one with 3° angular spacing between the lines at a reference depth. Embedded is a smaller patch with 1° spacing and within that a still smaller patch with one half degree spacing. This arrangement gives a reasonably uniform distribution of shots versus solid angle with a large variety of emission and azimuthal angles for different ranges. Due to the uncertainty of positioning systems, the angular space is divided into solid angle bins. Simulations predicted more than 200 shots per bin for emission angles greater than 13 degrees. Statistical analysis of collected data will be performed on the proposed bin basis. An experiment based on the proposed design was conducted in Fall 2007. The data measurements collected during the experiment are currently being analyzed and will be reported in the near future.;Keywords. Airgun array characterization, airgun array, seismic airgun array, underwater acoustics, acoustical data analysis, hydrophone measurements, acoustic propagation modeling.

机译：2003年6月，滨海声学示范中心对标准地震勘探阵列进行了声学表征实验。在墨西哥湾的北部部署了两个带有环境声学记录系统（EARS）的系泊设备，以测量环境噪声并收集射击信息。沿着五个平行的线性轨道拖曳一个21要素的地震气枪阵列，水平接近点指向EARS浮标位置63、500、1000、2000和5000 m。分析在实验过程中收集的校准声压测量值，以获得零峰值声压，声音暴露水平和1/3倍频程频带中的压力水平。此外，通过使用改进的水下声传播模型对实验数据进行建模，以填补缺失的数据测量值。所得的建模过程显示，在高达1000 Hz的频率下，测量数据和建模数据在绝对压力幅度和频率干扰模式方面具有良好的一致性。该分析对于调查对海洋哺乳动物和鱼类的潜在影响以及预测其他地理区域新计划的地震勘测的暴露水平非常重要。基于所进行的实验结果和进行的数据分析，提出了一种新的实验设计，以最大程度地提高工作效率。使用可用设备收集的数据量，同时最大程度地缩短源运输所需的时间。设计使用了三个贴片，其中一个贴片在参考深度处的线间距为3°。嵌入的是间距为1°的较小的贴片，而其中的间距为一半度的较小的贴片则位于其中。这种布置可以使发射相对于立体角合理地均匀分布，并具有针对不同范围的多种发射角和方位角。由于定位系统的不确定性，角空间被分成立体角箱。模拟预测，对于大于13度的发射角，每个仓中将有200多个镜头。收集到的数据的统计分析将在建议的bin基础上进行。基于提议的设计的实验于2007年秋季进行。目前正在对实验过程中收集的数据测量进行分析，并将在不久的将来进行报告。气枪阵列表征，气枪阵列，地震气枪阵列，水下声学，声学数据分析，水听器测量，声学传播建模。

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作者
Tashmukhambetov, Arslan M.;
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University of New Orleans.;

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授予单位 University of New Orleans.;
学科 Engineering Geophysical.;Physics Acoustics.;Engineering Marine and Ocean.
学位 Ph.D.
年度 2009
页码 64 p.
总页数 64
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
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1. Modeling Acoustical Pressure and Particle Acceleration Close to Marine Seismic Airguns and Airgun Arrays [J] . Prior Mark K., Duncan Alexander J., Sertlek H. Ozkan, IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering . 2019,第3期

机译：模拟海洋地震气枪和气枪阵列附近的声压和粒子加速度
2. The CMST Airgun Array Model—A Simple Approach to Modeling the Underwater Sound Output From Seismic Airgun Arrays [J] . Duncan Alexander J., Gavrilov Alexander N. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering . 2019,第3期

机译：CMST气枪阵列模型-建模地震气枪阵列水下声输出的简单方法
3. Modelling of seismic airgun bubble dynamics and pressure field using the Gilmore equation with additional damping factors [J] . K.L. de Graaf, I. Penesis, P.A. Brandner Ocean Engineering . 2014,第jana15期

机译：使用带有附加阻尼因子的吉尔莫尔方程对地震气枪气泡动力学和压力场进行建模
4. THE ACOUSTIC FIELD OF MARINE SEISMIC AIRGUNS AND THEIR POTENTIAL IMPACT ON MARINE ANIMALS [C] . Les Hatton Conference on Underwater Noise Measurement, Impact and Mitigation . 2008

机译：海洋地震气枪的声学领域及其对海洋动物的潜在影响
5. An acoustic modelling study of seismic airgun noise in Queen Charlotte Basin. [D] . MacGillivray, Alexander Orion. 2006

机译：夏洛特皇后盆地地震气枪噪声的声学模型研究。
6. Adaptive finite difference for seismic wavefield modelling in acoustic media [O] . Gang Yao, Di Wu, Henry Alexander Debens -1

机译：声介质地震波场建模的自适应有限差分
7. Decision-making is the process of analyzing information about a problem situation and comparing it to a specific conclusion in order to solve a specific problematic (Yıkılmaz, 2001; Miller and Byrnes, 2001). Decision-making styles are a mechanism that is influenced by the internal and external conditions that determine the direction of the decisions of the individual, the content of the decision-making process, and the outcome of the decision-making process (Payne, Bettman and Johson, 1993; Bavol’ár and Orosová, 2015). ACT is a contemporary member of the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy family. ACT (Acceptance and commitment therapy) has both similar and different directions with Behavioral Therapies and Cognitive Therapies (Herbet and Forman, 2011; Hayes, 2004). KKT responds to classical behavioral treatments using both existential and cognitive approaches in the analysis of behavior. KKT is a science wing that tries to solve human problems with a wider perspective aimed at solving problematic human behaviors (Plumb, Stewart, Dahl and Lundgren, 2009). It is seen that there is very little research about the new approach of ACT approach when the aiming country of our country is screened and it is thought that our country will contribute to the field of psychological counseling with the work done. In the scope of the research, experimental and control groups and preliminary test, post-test and follow-up measurements of 2x3 experimental design were used. The study's study group consists of a total of 24 (12 experimental and 12 control groups) university students studying in different departments and levels, continuing their education in the academic year of 2015-2016 in Ağrı province and İbrahim Chechen University in 2015-2016 academic year. The average age of participants in the experiment and control group is 20. There were 12 participants in the experimental group, 7 female and 5 male, and 12 participants, 7 female and 5 male in the control group. Personal Information Form and Decision Making Style Scale prepared by the researcher were used in the research. In order to decide on the tests to be used in the course of analyzing the data, the scores of the participant's Decision Styles Scale pre-test, which are placed primarily in the experimental and control groups, it was analyzed whether the basic expectations of parametric tests were answered. As a result of the analysis made, the scores, skewness and kurtosis coefficients obtained from the Decision Making Styles Scale were given to the experimental and control groups. It was determined that the distribution was normal in the result of Shapiro-Wilk test, in which the skewness and kurtosis coefficients of each sub-scale were ranked between -1 and +1. Participants in the experimental and control groups; homogeneity test results for decision-style pre-test measurements indicate that the data are homogeneous. According to the results of the Mauchly Globalness Test, it has been determined that working supports the hypothesis. It was determined that there was no significant difference between the pre-test scores obtained from dependent decision-making style of experiment and control groups, but the test group showed lower mean scores at the significant level within the scores of post-test and follow-up tests. Therefore, it can be said that the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group reduces the dependent decision-making style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions and the psychoeducation program has a lasting effect. It was determined that there was no significant difference between pre-test, post-test and follow-up scores obtained from the Spontaneous-Instant Decision Style of experiment and control groups. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not cause a significant difference in the Spontaneous-Decision-Making Style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The ACT -oriented psychoeducation program had a decline in the intuitive decision-making styles of the individuals, but this decrease did not create significant differences. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not make a meaningful difference in the intuitive decision style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the KKT oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The pre-test scores obtained from the rational decision-making style of the experimental and control groups showed that there was a difference between the post-test and the follow-up scores, but this difference was not significant. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the test group had higher levels of rational decision style than the pre - test scores in the post test and follow - up scores, whereas the post test and follow - up test scores in the control group rational decision style showed a decrease compared to the pre - test scores. the pre - test scores. Decision-making Styles Scale Avoidant Decision Making As a result of the analysis of the mean scores of the subscale scores of pre-test, post-test and follow-up measures, the group effect was found to be insignificant. It was determined that the experimental and control groups differed significantly from the pre-test scores obtained from the avoidant decision-making style but did not show any significant change within the scores of the post-test and follow-up tests. [O] . mustafa ercengiz, ali haydar şar 2018

机译：决策是分析有关问题情况的信息并将其与特定结论进行比较的过程，以解决特定的问题（Yıkılmaz，2001; Miller和Byrnes，2001）。决策风格是一种机制，受到内部和外部条件的影响，确定个人决定的方向，决策过程的内容以及决策过程的结果（PAYNE，BETTMAN和BEDNE） Johson，1993;Bavol'ár和奥萨洛瓦，2015）。法案是认知行为治疗家庭的当代成员。行为（验收和承诺治疗）具有与行为疗法和认知疗法的类似和不同方向（Herbet和Forman，2011; Hayes，2004）。 KKT在分析行为中使用存在性和认知方法来响应古典行为治疗方法。 KKT是一个科学翼，试图解决人类问题，旨在解决有问题的人类行为（铅垂，斯图尔特，Dahl和Lundgren，2009）。有人认为，当我们国家的瞄准国家进行筛选时，有关行动方法的新方法几乎没有研究，并且认为我们的国家将为完成工作做出贡献的心理咨询领域。在研究的范围内，使用实验和对照组和初步测试，使用后测试和后续测量的2x3实验设计。该研究的研究小组包括共24名（12个实验和12个对照组）大学学生在不同的部门和水平上学习，在2015-2016学术上继续进行2015-2016的学术年度2015-2016学年年。实验和对照组参与者的平均年龄是20.实验组中有12名参与者，7名女性和5名男性，12名参与者，7名女性和5名男性。研究人员准备的个人信息表格和决策制定风格规模在研究中使用。为了决定在分析数据的过程中使用的测试，参与者的决策风格刻度预测的分数主要在实验和对照组中进行，分析了参数的基本期望吗？测试得到了回答。由于对实验和对照组给出了从决策曲调标度获得的分数，偏移和峰度分子系数。确定该分布是正常的在成熟的-WILK试验结果中，其中每亚级的偏差和刚度系数在-1到+1之间排名。实验和对照组的参与者;决策式预测测量的同质性测试结果表明数据是均匀的。根据毛毛环保试验的结果，已确定工作支持假设。据确定，从依赖决策风格的实验和对照组获得的预测分数之间没有显着差异，但测试组在测试后的分数内显示出较低的平均分数和后续的分数 - 测试。因此，可以说，应用于实验组的面向活动的心理教育程序减少了决策风格子维度的依赖决策风格分数，并且心理教育程序具有持久的效果。据确定，从实验和对照组自发决策风格获得的预测试，测试后和后续评分之间没有显着差异。因此，可以说这种情况不会导致从应用于实验组的活动导向的心理教育程序的决策风格分数的自发决策风格分数显着差异。行为的心理教育计划在个人直观的决策风格下降，但这种减少并没有产生显着的差异。因此，可以说，这种情况不会在从应用于实验组的KKT导向的心理教育程序的决策风格分数中产生有意义的决策风格分数。从实验和对照组的理性决策风格获得的预测分数显示后检验后和随访评分之间存在差异，但这种差异并不重要。由于分析，确定测试组的理性决策风格较高，而不是后测试和后续分数的预测分数，而对照组合理决策风格的后测试和后续测试分数显示出与预测试分数相比的减少。预测分数。决策款式扩展避免决策由于分析了预测试，测试后和后续措施的班次评分的平均分数，发现群体效应是微不足道的。确定实验和对照组从避免决策风格获得的预测评分中显着不同，但在测试后和后续测试的分数内没有显示出任何重大变化。
8. Fabric Filtration with Integral Particle Charging and Collection in a Combined Electric and Flow Field. Part 1. Background, Experimental Work, Analysis of Data, and Approach to the Development of a Mathematical Engineering Design Model [R] . Plaks, N. 1988

机译：织物过滤与集成电粒和流场中的积分粒子充电和采集。第1部分背景，实验工作，数据分析和数学工程设计模型开发方法

Experimental design, data analysis, and modeling for characterizing the three-dimensional acoustic field of a seismic airgun array.

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