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Producing environmental knowledge: Ecology, research priorities, and policy.

机译：产生环境知识：生态，研究重点和政策。

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There is no one correct set of research questions that ecologists should pursue to most effectively explore the world. This dissertation investigates how ecologists and users of ecological knowledge evaluate the merits of potential research priorities. Written as four separate but closely linked articles to be submitted to journals for publication, this research uses a mixed-method approach to investigate how the ecology research agenda has changed over time, to understand how ecologists and users of ecological knowledge evaluate the merits of potential research projects, and to explore how ecologists and their work act within broader policy processes. This work provides important insights into the ways in which ecologists contribute to societal understandings of the environment and environmental problems.;Chapter 2 is a bibliometric analysis of the changing subjects and methods of ecology over the period 1970--2005. In addition to undergoing significant growth over that period in terms of the number of articles published annually, ecology has converged around a shared set of subjects and methods. Molecular genetic techniques have become central to the field, as have the topics of climate change and tropical forests.;The remainder of the dissertation seeks to understand the reasons behind the observed changes to the ecology research agenda. Chapters 3 and 4 report on studies that use Q method to better understand how producers and users of ecological knowledge evaluate the merits of potential research questions. Chapter 3 focuses on the producers and users of coral reef-specific knowledge, and Chapter 4 examines ecologists' perceptions of research priorities. The Q method approach, which had not previously been applied to understanding scientific research priorities, demonstrated that there are distinct groups within both the coral reef and ecology communities that share research priorities. These studies report on the ways in which these distinct groups come to understand what constitutes legitimate and interesting research in their respective areas.;These distinct cultures of evaluating research priorities within disciplines and within issue-oriented communities presents challenges to science policy makers who attempt to make science as useful as possible in addressing problems. The existence of these distinct cultures is not recognized in science-policy processes despite the fact that they may have significant influence on research portfolios. Chapter 5 uses the Ways of Knowing theoretical framework to understand how these empirical findings relate to societal conceptions of environmental and other problems.
机译：生态学家们应该没有一组正确的研究问题来最有效地探索世界。本文探讨了生态学家和生态知识使用者如何评价潜在研究重点的优缺点。作为四篇独立但紧密联系的文章撰写，并提交给期刊发表，这项研究使用一种混合方法研究了生态研究议程随时间的变化，以了解生态学家和生态知识使用者如何评估潜在价值。研究项目，并探索生态学家及其工作如何在更广泛的政策流程中发挥作用。这项工作为生态学家对社会对环境和环境问题的理解做出贡献的方式提供了重要的见识。第二章是对1970--2005年间生态学主题和方法变化的文献计量分析。在此期间，除了每年发表的文章数量显着增长外，生态学还围绕一组共同的主题和方法进行融合。分子遗传学技术已成为该领域的中心，气候变化和热带森林等主题也已成为该领域的重点。第3章和第4章报告了使用Q方法更好地理解生态知识的生产者和使用者如何评估潜在研究问题的价值的研究。第3章重点研究珊瑚礁相关知识的生产者和使用者，第4章研究生态学家对研究重点的看法。 Q方法方法以前没有用于了解科学研究的优先重点，它表明，在珊瑚礁和生态社区内，存在着共同研究优先重点的不同群体。这些研究报告了这些不同群体如何理解各自领域内合法和有趣的研究的方式。这些不同的评估学科和面向问题社区内研究优先级的文化对试图做出决策的科学政策制定者提出了挑战使科学在解决问题上尽可能有用。尽管这些独特的文化可能会对研究组合产生重大影响，但它们在科学政策制定过程中并未得到承认。第5章使用“了解之道”的理论框架来理解这些经验发现如何与环境和其他问题的社会观念相关联。

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