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Modelling spatial dimensions of urban forest management and housing prices in Washington D.C.

机译：华盛顿特区城市森林管理和房价的空间维度建模

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摘要

This thesis attempts to account for the value of trees in urban housing. Though trees are ubiquitous in many urban areas, they are not always considered as a part of critical urban infrastructure by urban planners, managers, politicians, and residents. In Washington, D.C. in particular tree cover declined significantly over the past 20 years. Arborists and ecologists have long argued that urban trees perform vital functions such as air purification, heat island mitigation, carbon sequestration, and storm-water retention. Through maps and regression analysis, I attempt to determine how the presence of trees can also be understood in terms of transactions in the real estate market. Along the way, the thesis attempts to critique typically aspatial economic analyses of housing markets by accounting for spatially located housing qualities, neighborhoods, tree cover, and demographic characteristics. Before concluding, I explain how accounting for the geographic distribution of trees and housing in Washington can better inform decision making not only about tree preservation but also about the production of trees---that is, their planting and maintenance.;The thesis makes use of two different kinds of statistical analyses of housing values, with particular reference to tree cover and tree plantings. First, I apply what is known as a hedonic regression to derive coefficients which predict the median values of trees and tree cover to real estate sales values in the district. The data on tree cover used in the analysis includes a head-up tagging of absolute tree locations as well as two different classified IKONOS images. Spatial techniques such as a Geographically Weighted Regression are used to try to capture segmentation in the housing market. Second, using a dataset on tree plantings undertaken by the dc government and by a community group dedicated to "greening", I attempt to derive estimates the value of trees to home sales. In this second analysis, community group plantings may act as a signal of local social capital. Finally, a descriptive account of ground level surveys of the areas of analysis allows for an exploration of the effectiveness of the model in capturing elements of social capital and housing market segmentation.
机译：本文试图解释树木在城市住房中的价值。尽管树木在许多城市地区无处不在，但城市规划人员，管理人员，政治人物和居民并不总是将树木视为重要城市基础设施的一部分。在华盛顿特区，特别是树木的覆盖率在过去20年中大幅下降。树木学家和生态学家长期以来一直争辩说，城市树木起着至关重要的作用，例如空气净化，减缓热岛，固碳和保持雨水。通过地图和回归分析，我试图确定如何从房地产市场的交易中理解树木的存在。在此过程中，论文试图通过考虑在空间上定位的住房质量，邻里，树木覆盖率和人口统计学特征来对住房市场进行典型的非正规经济分析。在结束之前，我解释了如何解释华盛顿树木和房屋的地理分布如何更好地为决策​​提供依据，不仅与树木保护有关，而且与树木的生产有关，即树木的种植和维护。房屋价值的两种不同统计分析方法，特别涉及树木覆盖率和树木种植。首先，我应用所谓的享乐回归来得出系数，该系数预测树木和树木覆盖物的中间值与该地区的房地产销售价值。分析中使用的树木覆盖数据包括对树木绝对位置的平视标记以及两个不同的分类IKONOS图像。诸如地理加权回归之类的空间技术被用来捕获住房市场中的细分市场。其次，我使用特区政府和致力于“绿化”的社区团体开展的植树数据集，试图得出树木对房屋销售的价值估算。在第二项分析中，社区团体的种植可能是当地社会资本的信号。最后，对分析区域的地面调查的描述性描述可以探索该模型在捕获社会资本和住房市场细分要素方面的有效性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Buckley, Tom.;

  • 作者单位

    The George Washington University.;

  • 授予单位 The George Washington University.;
  • 学科 Geography.;Urban and Regional Planning.;Economics General.
  • 学位 M.A.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 129 p.
  • 总页数 129
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然地理学;经济学;区域规划、城乡规划;
  • 关键词

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