• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文学位 >Firm heterogeneity and multiproduct firms in international trade.
【24h】

Firm heterogeneity and multiproduct firms in international trade.

机译：企业异质性和国际贸易中的多产品企业。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

This dissertation features monopolistic competition models of firms, accounting for heterogeneous exporting/investment decisions, and heterogeneous scope expansion strategies.;The second chapter considers how firms respond (differently) to decreasing trade costs. We provide a theoretical justification to the Eastman and Stykolt hypothesis (1967), which suggests that firms expand in scale but contract in scope after trade liberalization in Canada. With identical costs, trade liberalization leads to rationalization in firms' product range but expansion in exports, while firm-level selection and scale adjustment is absent. With heterogeneous costs, exporting firms expand export range but reduce total number of products due to declining trade cost. Fewer firms survive, while a higher proportion of them serve foreign market. Exporting firms' average scale increases.;The final chapter, alternatively, allows firms to exercise market power across multiple products. Therefore markups are endogenous. Firms choose their optimal product scope by balancing the net profits from a new variety against the costs of "cannibalizing" their own sales. With identical costs, opening trade leads to fewer firms surviving but more varieties produced by each firms. With heterogeneous costs, the number of firms surviving in equilibrium is quite insensitive to the market size. When trade is opened, more firms initially enter, but the larger market size reduces the cannibalization effect and expands the optimal scope of products. As a result, the less efficient firms exit, and the larger market is accommodated by more efficient firms that produce more varieties per firm on average.;Firms, after knowing productivity, decide whether to export, and whether to form joint ventures with foreign companies. The decision affects the number of products they introduces. The most productive firms engage in foreign partnership and export. The least productive firms do neither. In between are domestic-owned exporting firms and foreign-owned non-exporting firms. The former display higher efficiency if exporting incurs large upfront costs, and vice versa. More productive firms introduce more varieties. Ceteris paribus, foreign participation and exporting both promote variety expansion. Using microdata for Chinese enterprises, we observe sorting and selection patterns consistent with the model.
机译：本文以企业的垄断竞争模型为特征，考虑了不同的出口/投资决策以及不同的范围扩展策略。第二章研究了企业如何（不同）对降低的贸易成本做出反应。我们为Eastman和Stykolt假说（1967）提供了理论依据，该假说表明，在加拿大实施贸易自由化之后，企业规模扩大，但范围缩小。在成本相同的情况下，贸易自由化导致企业产品范围合理化，但出口扩大，而企业级选择和规模调整却不存在。由于成本不同，出口公司扩大了出口范围，但由于贸易成本下降，减少了产品总数。存活下来的公司越少，而它们服务于国外市场的比例就越高。出口公司的平均规模在增加。或者，最后一章允许公司在多种产品之间行使市场支配力。因此，标记是内生的。企业通过平衡新品种的净利润与“蚕食”自己的销售成本来选择最佳产品范围。在成本相同的情况下，开放贸易导致更少的企业存活，但每个企业生产的品种更多。由于存在异质成本，在均衡中生存的公司数量对市场规模非常不敏感。开放贸易时，最初会有更多的公司进入，但是更大的市场规模降低了吞噬作用，并扩大了产品的最佳范围。结果，效率较低的公司退出了市场，更大的市场被效率更高的公司所占据，这些公司平均每家公司生产更多的品种。公司在了解了生产率之后，决定是否出口以及是否与外国公司组建合资企业。 。该决定会影响他们引入的产品数量。生产效率最高的公司从事外国合伙企业和出口。生产效率最低的公司都不做。介于两者之间的是国内拥有的出口公司和外国拥有的非出口公司。如果出口产生较大的前期成本，前者显示出更高的效率，反之亦然。生产能力更高的公司引进更多的品种。 Ceteris paribus，外国参与和出口都促进品种的扩大。使用中国企业的微数据，我们观察到与模型一致的排序和选择模式。

著录项

  • 作者

    Ma, Hong.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Davis.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Davis.;
  • 学科 Economics General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 135 p.
  • 总页数 135
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号