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State-building and nation-making in the former Soviet republics: Transformation and institutionalization of citizenship, 1990-2005.

机译：前苏联共和国的国家建设与民族建设：公民身份的转变和制度化，1990-2005年。

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摘要

This dissertation is written in a three journal-length article format. I examine the external and internal factors that shaped nation-state building of new and young fifteen former Soviet republics, and determined what citizenship and naturalization legislation the republics adopted to construct a new nation, state and a polity since the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991.;In manuscript-1 I synthesize two opposing theoretical perspectives—World Society theory (addressing external pressures from the world culture) and Nationhood (addressing nationalism, ethno-demographic dynamics and the national identity). I divide fifteen post-Soviet republics into three theoretically distinct groups to examine the variation in the extent to which nationhood is incorporated and strengthened. I argue that in the post-World War II era the universally empowering nature of human rights scripts has provided new opportunities for states to do nation-building without defying world dominant political culture. To legitimate their actions, young states use not primordialism, but human rights scripts to reinforce and strengthen the ethnic nation that the state is named after and represents. “Tamed” versions of nationhood are emerging, yet citizenship policies still reinforce the national identity of the nation that gave the name to the state.;Manuscript-2 is a methodological piece on migration—a variable that can be both a cause and an effect of citizenship regimes of the state. There is consensus among researchers that international migration data are undercounted in fifteen post-Soviet republics. I compare and investigate various methods of international migration estimation and argue that population censuses and household surveys provide superior quality of data on migration than the immigration-by-origin method.;Manuscript-3 focuses on conditions of diffusion of state practices and policies among social adopters. The manuscript explains the mechanism of diffusion of policies (globally and locally) that determined the citizenship regimes adopted by Baltic republics when the USSR collapsed in 1991. The manuscript suggests a synthesis materialist (coercive) and ideational (scripted and learned) explanations of diffusion—to suggest a model where these competing mechanisms of diffusion intersect rather than occur in isolation or in opposition.
机译：本文以三篇期刊论文的格式撰写。我研究了塑造15个新的和年轻的前苏联共和国的民族国家建设的外部和内部因素，并确定了自1991年苏联解体以来各共和国为建立新的国家，州和政体而采用的公民身份和入籍立法。 ；在手稿1中，我综合了两种相反的理论观点：世界社会理论（应对世界文化的外部压力）和民族主义（应对民族主义，民族人口动态和民族认同）。我将15个后苏联共和国分为三个理论上不同的组，以研究建立和加强民族程度的差异。我认为，在第二次世界大战后时代，人权文书的普遍授权性质为各国提供了新的机会，可以在不违背世界主导政治文化的前提下进行国家建设。为了使自己的行为合法化，年轻国家不使用原始主义，而是使用人权脚本来巩固和加强该国家以其命名和代表的民族。出现了“塔姆”式的国籍，但公民权政策仍在强化赋予州名的国家的民族身份。；《手稿2》是关于移民的方法论著作，既可以是因果，也可以是因果国家的公民权制度。研究人员一致认为，苏联后的十五个共和国的国际移民数据被低估了。我比较并调查了各种国际移民估计方法，并认为人口普查和家庭调查提供的移民数据质量比按来源移民的方法要好。；《手稿3》着重于国家实践和政策在社会中的传播条件采纳者。这份手稿解释了政策的传播机制（全球和本地），这些机制决定了1991年苏联解体时波罗的海共和国采用的公民权制度。手稿提出了关于传播的综合唯物主义（强制性）和概念性（脚本化和学习性）解释，提出一个模型，其中这些竞争的扩散机制相交而不是孤立或相对地发生。

著录项

  • 作者

    Makaryan, Shushanik.;

  • 作者单位

    Washington State University.;

  • 授予单位 Washington State University.;
  • 学科 Sociology Social Structure and Development.;History Russian and Soviet.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 192 p.
  • 总页数 192
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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