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Functionalized nanoparticles for biological imaging and detection applications.

机译：用于生物成像和检测应用的功能化纳米粒子。

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摘要

Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have gained tremendous attention in the last decade as a result of their size-dependent spectroscopic properties. These nanoparticles have been a subject of intense study to bridge the gap between macroscopic and atomic behavior, as well as to generate new materials for novel applications in therapeutics, biological sensing, light emitting devices, microelectronics, lasers, and solar cells. One of the most promising areas for the use of these nanoparticles is in biotechnology, where their size-dependent optical properties are harnessed for imaging and sensing applications. However, these nanoparticles, as synthesized, are often not stable in aqueous media and lack simple and reliable means of covalently linking to biomolecules. The focus of this work is to advance the progress of these nanomaterials for biotechnology by synthesizing them, characterizing their optical properties and rendering them water-soluble and functional while maintaining their coveted optical properties.;QDs were synthesized by an organometallic chemical procedure that utilizes coordinating solvents to provide brightly luminescent nanoparticles. The optical interactions of these QDs were studied as a function of concentration to identify particle size-dependent optimal concentrations, where scattering and indirection excitation are minimized and the amount light observed per particle is maximized. Both QDs and AuNPs were rendered water-soluble and stable in a broad range of biologically relevant conditions by using a series of ligands composed of dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) appended to poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether. By studying the stability of the surface modified AuNPs, we revealed some interesting information regarding the role of the surface ligand on the nanoparticle stability (i.e. solubility in high salt concentration, resistance to dithiothreitol competition and cyanide decomposition). Furthermore, the nanoparticles were functionalized using a series of bifunctional ligands that contain a dithiol group (DHLA) for surface binding, a PEG segment to instill water-solubility and a terminal functional group for easy bioconjugation (i.e. NH2, COOH, or biotin). Finally, a sensing application was demonstrated to detect the presence of microbial DNA (unmethlylated CpG) by using Toll-like receptor 9 proteins as the recognition components and the QDs as the transduction elements via Forster Resonance Energy Transfer.
机译：半导体量子点（QDs）和金纳米颗粒（AuNPs）由于其尺寸相关的光谱特性而在过去十年中受到了极大的关注。这些纳米颗粒已经成为研究宏观和原子行为之间的鸿沟，并为治疗，生物传感，发光器件，微电子，激光和太阳能电池中的新应用生成新材料的研究重点。这些纳米粒子最有前途的应用领域之一是生物技术领域，其大小相关的光学特性可用于成像和传感应用。然而，这些合成的纳米颗粒通常在水性介质中不稳定，并且缺乏简单而可靠的与生物分子共价连接的方式。这项工作的重点是通过合成这些纳米材料，表征它们的光学特性，使其具有水溶性和功能性，同时保持其令人垂涎的光学特性，从而推动这些纳米材料在生物技术中的应用。；量子点是通过有机金属化学程序利用配位合成的溶剂以提供明亮发光的纳米粒子。研究了这些量子点的光学相互作用与浓度的关系，从而确定了取决于粒度的最佳浓度，其中散射和间接激发被最小化，每个粒子观察到的光量被最大化。通过使用一系列由二氢硫辛酸（DHLA）附加到聚（乙二醇）甲基醚上的配体，可以使QD和AuNP在广泛的生物学相关条件下均具有水溶性和稳定性。通过研究表面修饰的AuNPs的稳定性，我们揭示了一些有关表面配体对纳米颗粒稳定性的作用的有趣信息（即在高盐浓度下的溶解度，对二硫苏糖醇竞争的抗性和氰化物的分解）。此外，使用一系列双功能配体对纳米颗粒进行了功能化，这些配体包含用于表面结合的二硫醇基（DHLA），可滴注水溶性的PEG片段和易于生物偶联的末端官能团（即NH2，COOH或生物素）。最后，通过应用Toll样受体9蛋白作为识别成分，并通过Forster共振能量转移将QD用作转导元件，证明了一种传感应用可以检测微生物DNA（未甲基化的CpG）的存在。

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  • 作者

    Mei, Bing C.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Massachusetts Amherst.;

  • 授予单位 University of Massachusetts Amherst.;
  • 学科 Chemistry General.;Engineering Materials Science.;Engineering Biomedical.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 178 p.
  • 总页数 178
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 化学;生物医学工程;工程材料学;
  • 关键词

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